2016-2017年武汉地区儿童细小病毒B19感染及流行情况分析

摘要：目的 了解武汉地区儿童细小病毒B19感染状况及流行病学特征。 方法 采集自2016年1月1日至2017年12月31日在我院门、急诊和住院部就诊或住院治疗的疑似细小病毒B19感染儿童静脉血，通过ELISA法检测血清细小病毒B19-IgM，并对抗体活性值在10 ~20 U/mL之间的标本进行细小病毒B19 DNA定量检测，综合分析武汉地区儿童细小病毒B19感染状况及流行病学特征。结果 武汉地区2017年儿童细小病毒B19感染率为2.83%，较2016年6.31%的感染率显著下降，两年平均总体感染率为4.34%；儿童细小病毒B19感染状况具有明显的年龄（2岁以上）及性别（女性高于男性）差异； ELISA法检测HPV-B19抗体活性值处于10~13 U/mL之间的标本与PCR检测结果一致性较好，阴性符合率为93.54%；抗体活性值处于13~17 U/mL之间的标本结果一致性较差，阳性符合率为43.21%。抗体活性值17~20 U/mL的标本，阳性符合率为74.81%。结论 武汉地区儿童细小病毒B19感染具有年龄、性别差异，同时对于经ELISA法检测抗体活性值处于13~20 U/mL之间的标本，有必要进行PCR检测确诊。

Analysis the epidemic situation and infection of Human Parvovirus B19 among children in Wuhan area from 2016 to 2017

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the infection status and epidemiological characteristics of Human Parvovirus B19 among the children in Wuhan area. Methods The peripheral blood samples were collected from the suspected parvovirus B19 infected children in outpatient, emergency and in-patient department of our hospital from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. The serum levels of the parvovirus B19-IgM were detected by ELISA, and the DNA of parvovirus samples of IgM OD value in 10 U/mL~20 U/mL were detected by quantitatively PCR. The infection status and epidemiological characteristics of children''s parvovirus B19 in Wuhan were analyzed comprehensively. Results The infection rate of Human Parvovirus B19 in 2017 in Wuhan was significantly lower than that in 2016. The Human Parvovirus B19 infection among children had obvious seasonal (high in summer and autumn), age (under 5 years) and gender (more men than women) differences. It was inconsistency between the IgM levels and DNA levels in the samples of IgM OD value in 13 U/mL~20 U/mL. Conclusion It was provided a basis for the prevention and treatment of Human Parvovirus B19 infection in children in the future. The children under 5 years older who detected by ELISA, the OD value in 13U/mL ~20 U/mL is necessary to carry out PCR to diagnosis.