糖尿病SD大鼠骨密度及骨组织学特点研究

目的 观察糖尿病SD大鼠模型骨密度、骨组织学及生化指标的改变,探讨血糖与骨代谢的关系.方法 采用单次大剂量链脲佐菌素的方法,用雄性SD大鼠制备糖尿病SD大鼠模型,以正常血糖雄性SD大鼠作为阴性对照,12周后,抽取大鼠心脏血测定血糖、血脂、血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶;采用双能X光衍射仪测定大鼠右侧胫骨和股骨离体骨的骨密度,取左侧股骨上段制作病理标本.结果 糖尿病组SD大鼠体重显著低于正常对照组,有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;注射STZ 48 h后血糖明显升高并持续存在.糖尿病组SD大鼠骨质疏松明显,股骨及胫骨BMD显著降低（P＜0.05）.糖尿病组SD大鼠的AKP、LDL-C显著升高（P＜0.05）,而血钙、HDL-C显著降低（P＜0.05）.结论 糖尿病组SD大鼠表现为骨密度减少,不仅出现血生化的异常,且出现明显的骨组织形态结构异常,提示高血糖导致骨代谢异常.

Characteristic of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Tissue of Diabetic SD Rats

Objective To study the relationship between blood glucose and bone metabolism by observing bone mineral density,bone tissue and biochemical parameters of diabetic SD rats.Methods Male SD rats were prepared for diabetes SD rats using the method of single high-dose chain urea with bacterium element,Normal blood glucose of male SD rats were considered as a control group.After 12 weeks,the blood glucose,blood lipid,blood calcium,phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase were detected.The bone density of the right tibia and the femur of rats in vitro was detected by dual-energy X-ray diffraction.The left femurs were made as pathological specimens.Results Body weight of SD rats in diabetic group was significantly lower than that of control group,with statistical significance （P＜0.001） ; the blood glucose rose significantly 48 hours after injecting STZ and hyperglycemia persisted.Indexes of osteoporosis of diabetic SD rats were observed.The BMD of the femur and tibia decreased significantly （P＜0.01）.AKP,LDL-C of diabetic SD rats increased significantly （P＜0.01）,and blood calcium,HDL-C decreased significantly （P ＜0.01） Conclusions SD rats with diabetes mellitus are characterized by not only the lower bone mineral but blood biochemical abnormalities and bone tissue morphology.High levels of blood glucose leads to abnormal bone metabolism.