北京地区美沙酮维持治疗患者脱失原因调查

目的:了解北京地区美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)的脱失原因,为进一步推动MMT的健康发展及制定相关的政策提供依据。方法:采用定量、定性相结合的调查方法,对参加MMT的脱失人员进行调查。结果:北京市2个MMT门诊点共脱失511例,占参加治疗总人数的51.8%(511/986)。脱失者中男性占80.6%,女性占19.4%;30a以上者占80.6%;无业闲散人员占84.3%;初中及以下者占54.2%;既往吸毒时间在5-16a者占82.6%;静脉注射者占61.2%;43.1%的人在维持治疗半年后才脱失;脱失时60.0%的人MMT剂量在60mg以下;脱失的主要原因:复吸、贩毒等被公安机关逮捕或被强戒,占40.1%;自愿退出、不明原因占50.7%;离开北京、转出或缴费困难等其他原因占4.8%;躯体疾病或死亡占0.8%。结论:脱失多发生在治疗的维持期;脱失的原因很多,针对上述原因提出了相应的建议。

SURVEY ON REASONS FOR DROP OUT OF METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN BEIJING

Objective:To understand the reasons for drop out of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) in Beijing and provide scientific data for healthy development of MMT.Methods:A quantitative and qualitative survey was carried out in the drop out population of MMT and the staff of MMT clinics.Results:Altogether511 cases had the experience of drop out from MMT,accounting for 51.8% of the total number on MMT(511/986).Among them,male accounted for 80.6%,while female 19.4%;80.6% were more than 30 years old;84.3% had no job;54.2% had middle school or lower education;82.6% had 5-16 year drug abuse history;61.2% were intravenous drug users(IDUS) ;43.1% dropped out after six months on MMT;60.0% were on MMT with the dosage under 60 mg at drop out.The main reasons for drop out as follows:returned to compulsory treatment or rested because of urine drug positive(used drugs again),drug dealing,rap and rend(40.1%) ;voluntarily left or left without reason(50.7%) ;left Beijing or hadn't paid fees or referred to other clinics(4.8%) ;felt ill or died(0.8%).Conclusion:Drop out generally happens after six months on MMT.Reasons for drop out are various.We discussed the reasons and made some suggestions accordingly.