部分国家医疗卫生服务体系规划的经验与启示

本文通过综述部分国家医疗卫生服务体系规划的主要做法与特点,提出了对我国制定实施医疗卫生服务体系规划的几点启示。国际经验表明,对医疗卫生服务体系进行规划以提高资源配置效率、满足多层次医疗服务需求、控制医疗费用的过快增长,是国际通行的做法。政府及其直属部门是负责规划制定和实施的主体,不同层级政府在规划中的职责和作用不同;在规划制定与实施过程中,运用合作治理网络鼓励多方利益相关者广泛参与;积极发挥政府规划作用,保证医疗卫生服务的公平可及;规划权威性的实现途径主要包括立法、行政规制、经济激励等综合性措施;运用多学科理论改进规划工具和方法,增强规划的科学性和精细化。借鉴国际经验,能够为我国医疗卫生服务体系规划的制定和实施提供参考。

Experience of health service system planning in some countries and its implications for China

This paper reviews practices and features of health service system planning in some countries, and analyze its implications for China's system planning. It is an international common practice to perform health service system planning to improve resource allocation efficiency, to meet multilevel demands of medical services, and to control dramatic growth of medical expenditures. Governments and their affiliated departments are the main body to formulate and implement the plans, and different levels of governments have different responsibilities in planning. During the procedure of formulating and implementing plans, collaborative governance network can be utilized to encourage multi-party stakeholders to participate. The government should play an active role in planning to ensure the equity and accessibility of health services. The authority of planning can be achieved mainly through the comprehensive measures in legislation, political regulation, economic incentives, etc. Improved tools and methods based on multidisciplinary theories can be used to improve plan's scientificity and delicacy. China can learn from international experience in formulating and implementing health service system plans.