三种常见脱发性疾病与睡眠质量和情绪因素的相关性调查

目的：调查和探讨生理性脱发、雄激素性脱发、斑秃与睡眠质量和情绪因素的相关性。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）及焦虑自评表（SAS），对我院皮肤科确诊为生理性脱发、雄激素性脱发、斑秃的患者及健康对照者进行调查和分析。结果3种脱发患者与健康对照者在青年组（15～29岁）、壮年组（30～44岁）、中老年组（＞45岁）的PSQI及SAS得分逐渐增加，组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。斑秃患者PSQI总分＞7分，有睡眠问题；在PSQI的7个指标中，青年组主要在睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍有差异（P＜0.01）；壮年组在睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍上有差异（P＜0.05）；中老年组在入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍上有差异（P＜0.05）。青年组的斑秃及雄激素性脱发患者SAS得分高于国内常模分值。脱发对于女性患者PSQI及SAS积分的影响大于男性。经Pearson积矩相关分析（r=0.487， P=0.000），说明睡眠与情绪焦虑之间存在正相关。结论脱发性疾病，尤其是斑秃同时受到睡眠质量、精神因素的影响，因此恢复良好的生活习惯和调整情绪对预防斑秃的发生有重要价值。

Correlation between the three kinds of common hair loss diseases,sleep quality and emotional factors

Objective To investigate the correlation between physiological alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata and sleep quality and emotional factors. Methods Patients from the outpatient dermatology of Daping Hospital from August 2011 to August 2012 diagnosed as physiological alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata and healthy collators were assessed by the pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） and self rating anxiety scale （SAS）. Results The total score of PSQI and SAS gradually increased with age in all the three kinds of hair loss and the normal control, which showed a statistically signiifcant difference between the different age groups （P〈0.01）. Alopecia areata score greater than 7 implied the problem of sleep disorder. Among the seven components of PSQI, three kinds of hair loss groups and the normal control had following differences;the quality of sleep, sleep time, sleep efifciency and sleep disorders in the youth group （15 to 29 years old） were different（P〈0.01）;the sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disorders and daytime dysfunction in the middle-aged group （30 to 44 years old） were different （P〈0.05）;the sleep time, sleep efifciency and sleep disorders in the older-aged group （〉45 years old） had differences （P〈0.05）. SAS score of alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia in the youth group were higher than the national norm of China. Female patients had a greater inlfuence than male in PSQI and SAS. The pearson product moment related analysis （r=0.487, P=0.000） indicated that sleep quality and anxiety situation positively related. Conclusion Hair loss diseases, especially alopecia areata was affected by sleep quality and mental factors, so it is important to restore the good life habit and adjust emotion to prevent the onset of alopecia areata.