不同清洗处理方式对三七剪口中重金属及药效成分的影响

目的: 考察不同处理方式对三七剪口中重金属及药效成分含量的影响,为该药材的安全用药提供参考。方法: 采用锉刀打磨、流水冲洗、清水浸泡3种方式处理三七剪口,利用ICP-MS测定三七中As,Cd,Pb,Hg含量,运用HPLC测定三七皂苷R₁,人参皂苷Rg₁和人参皂苷Rb₁的含量,检测波长203 nm,流速1.6 mL·min^-1,流动相乙腈(A)-0.05%磷酸(B)梯度洗脱(0~20 min,20%A;20~60 min,20%~42%A;60~120 min,42%A)。结果: 3种处理方式中流水冲洗效果最好,处理后可使三七剪口中As,Cd,Pb,Hg的质量分数分别降低了1.24%,58.33%,51.06%,2.70%。锉刀打磨会使三七中As,Cd含量增加;三七剪口中3种皂苷类成分总量排序为流水冲洗 > 锉刀打磨 > 空白组 > 清水浸泡。结论: 流水冲洗处理三七剪口既可降低重金属含量又能保障药效成分含量,可作为整头三七的清洗处理方法。

Influence of Different Processing Methods on Heavy Metals and Effective Components in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma

Objective: To investigate effects of different processing methods on heavy metals and effective components in cut of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Cut of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma was treated by rinsing, soaking and polishing.Contents of As, Cd, Pb and Hg were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).HPLC was used to analyze contents of ginsenoside Rg₁, ginsenoside Rb₁ and notoginsenoside R₁ with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid for gradient elution, flow rate of 1.6 mL·min^-1 and detection wavelength of 203 nm. Result: Rinsing was the best way of all.After rinsing, contents of As, Cd, Pb, Hg decreased by 1.24%, 58.33%, 51.06%, 2.70%, respectively.However, contents of As and Cd increased by polishing.The content of total saponins in different processing methods ranked by rinsing > polishing > untreated > soaking. Conclusion: Rinsing can both decrease contents of heavy metals and maintain the content of saponins, so it can be used as a processing method for Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.