唐山市严重急性呼吸综合征的流行病学特点

[①目的总结2003年唐山市严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS，又叫传染性非典型肺炎)的流行特点，为控制疫情提供参考。②方法临床发现病例后，立即进行面对面调查，内容包括最近2周的外出史、密切接触的人员和发热患的最后接触日期、发热日期等。使用中住教估计平均潜伏期等指标。③结果2003年5月1～5日是本次非典流行的高峰，平均潜伏期8天，平均临床发现时间4天。临床转诊时间平均为6天。全市累计发病率为0．7／10万，路北区最高(3．7／10万)；医院集体感染发生1起2代共12例，家庭内感染发生4起1代共4例；年龄分布中，青壮年所占比例最高(67％)；职业分布中，占前3住的依次是医护人员(27％)、农民(25％)、学生(13％)。感染来源主要来自北京(34例，占71％)，密切接触的发病率为9％o。④结论本次SARS疫情的特点是以散在发病为主，同时存在一定的聚集性。感染来源提示，控制感染的输入是未来疫情控制的关键。

SARS epidemic in Tangshan

Objective Discribe the SARS Epidemic in Tangshan, and advance reference for future SARS control. Methods Face to face interview are conducted as soon as SARS cases are found(suspect or probable), information include travel history, close contacters, last date of close contact with fever patients, first date of the fever onset are recorded in detail. Median are used to estimate the latent period and mean days from fever onset to clinical discovered.Results The SARS epidemic in Tangshan peaks during 1, May, 2003 and 5, May, 2003. Latent period is 8 days and the time from fever onset to clinical discovered is 4 days. The time from suspect to further diagnosed as probable is 6 days. SARS incidence is 0.7/100,000, with the highest incidence in Lubei district. Case cluster happens in one hospital (two generation and 12 cases included) and 4 families (one generation and 4 cases included). Adult is major group in age distribution (67%), and hospital staff (27%), peasant (25%), student (13%) is the first three in occupation in the 48 SARS probable cases. Direct and in direct infection resources are the infected persons in Beijing (34 cases, 71%). SARS incidence in the close contactors is 9 per thousand. Conclusion Sporadic cases compose the main part of the SARS epidemic in this Spring, and there is also a cases cluster in time, place and population character in small scale. Quarantine the infected from Beijing is still the main strategy in the future SARS epidemic.