广州市中学生的吸烟状况及其影响因素

目的　探讨影响广州市中学生吸烟的因素 ,为预防和控制中学生吸烟提供科学的理论依据。方法　随机抽取广州市 6所中学在校学生 ,作吸烟情况及相关问题的问卷调查。结果　中学生总的吸烟率为 5.31 % ,其中男生为 9.0 6 % (2 4 0 / 2 650 ) ,女生为 1 .30 % (32 / 24 68) ,男女生之间吸烟率的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5)。初中生总吸烟率为 5 .83 % (1 79/ 3 0 69) ,且随着年级的增高 ,其吸烟率逐渐上升 ;高中生总吸烟率为 4 .54 % (9./ 2 0 4 9) ,且随着年级的增高 ,其吸烟率也逐渐上升。开始吸烟的原因主要是好玩、好奇和闲得无聊以及消除紧张 ;中学生吸烟主要受社会、家庭、环境等的影响。经多因素Logistic分析 ,认为吸烟能帮助思考和集中精神、能使人放松、是个人自由等是吸烟的危险因素 ;而认为吸烟对学习不利、是浪费钱财及有害健康是吸烟的保护因素。结论　广州市中学生吸烟率不高 ,但初中生吸烟率高于高中学生 ,初中生开始吸烟的平均年龄早于高中生 ,提示控烟应从低龄做起。

Cigarette Use and its Correlates among Middle School Students in Guangzhou

Objective To study factors influencing smoking among middle school students in Guangzhou and to provide theoretical basis for developing school-based smoking prevention interventions.Methods The survey was carried out among students drawn from 6 middle schools by using a questionnaire about cigarette smoking and its correlates in Guangzhou.Results The overall smoking rate among students surveyed was 5.31% (males, 9.06%; females, 1.30%), the male-female difference was significant(P<0.05).The smoking rate of junior and senior high school students was 5.83% and 4.54% respectively, which increased with age. The most common reasons for initiation of cigarette use were amusement, curiousness, leisureliness and relaxation. Smoking behaviors of middle school students were affected by social, familial and environmental factors. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors included considering smoking is helpful to thinking,to fixing attention on,to relaxing as well as considering smoking is personal freedom while protective factors included considering smoking is harmful to learning and health as well as considering smoking is lavishing expenditure.Conclusion The smoking rate among middle school students is not high, however, the rate is higher among junior high school students than among senior high school students. The age of smoking initiation is younger for junior high school students than for senior high school students. Thus, smoking control should commence in the younger age group.