ICU重型颅脑外伤患者下呼吸道感染菌群分布及危险因子相关性分析

目的：分析重症监护病房（ICU）重型颅脑外伤患者下呼吸道感染的菌群分布及相关性危险因子,探讨预防和治疗措施。方法：对ICU 210例重型颅脑外伤患者进行痰培养结果调查,统计下呼吸道感染率、菌群分布和危险因子相关性分析。结果：下呼吸道感染65例,感染率为30.9%。感染致病菌较多的为革蓝氏阳性球菌,其次为革蓝氏阴性杆菌和白色念珠菌。葡萄球菌是最常见的致病菌。结论：对于引起医院感染的相关危险因子如昏迷时间、住院时间、呼吸机使用和气管切开、胃管留置时间、体温、血糖,采取积极有效的手段可减低医院感染率。

Analysis of distribution of bacteria from lower respiratory tract infection for severe traumatic brain injury patients in ICU and the correlation of the dangerous factors

Objective： To analysis of distribution from lower respiratory tract infection for severe traumatic brain injury patients in ICU of our hospital and the correlation of the dangerous factors,explore measurement of the prevention and treatment.Methods： A total of 210 cases of patients with lower respiratory infection in ICU were retrospective1y analyzed,and lower respiratory infection rate were summarized,distribution of bacteria and the correlation of the dangerous factors analysis.Results： Lower respiratory tract infection was 65 cases,the infection rate was 30.9%.Inspection by sputum specimens,more for gram-positive coccus,followed by gram-negative bacilli and candida albicans.Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria involved in lower respiratory tract infection.Conclusion： The hospital lower respiratory tract infection rate is 30.9%,caused lower respiratory tract hospital infection associated risk factors were coma time,duration of hospitalization,use of respirator and tracheotomy,indwelling gastric tube time,body temperature,blood glucose.For the dangerous factors,we should take active and effective measures to prevent and reduce infection rates.