恶性肿瘤患者并发医院真菌感染的临床分析

目的　分析并探讨恶性肿瘤患者并发深部真菌感染的危险因素、临床特点及防治对策。方法　采用回顾性调查方法 ,分析 2 5 1例恶性肿瘤患者并发医院真菌感染的临床资料。结果　 2 16 0例恶性肿瘤患者并发医院真菌感染 2 5 1例 ,感染率占 11.6 % ;感染部位以口腔及上呼吸道为主占 39.4 % ;其次是肺占 2 3.1% ;真菌类型主要是白色念珠菌和克柔念珠菌 ;主要易感因素有患者的年龄、癌症的分期、反复放化疗、不合理使用抗生素以及应用肾上腺皮质激素 ,应用免疫增强剂的患者感染发生率明显低于未用组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　减少易感因素、提高机体免疫力、及时诊断和治疗是减少恶性肿瘤并发医院真菌感染的关键。

Hospital Fungal Infection in Patients with Malignant Tumors:A Clinical Analysis

OBJECTIVE To analyse and evaluate the risk factors, clinical characteristics and prevention counter measures of hospital fungal infection in patients with malignant tumors. METHODS To adopt investigation way to review and analyse the clinical data of hospital fungal infection in 251 cases from 2 160 tumor patients. RESULTS The infection rate was up to 11.6%. The locations of infection were mouth cavity and upper respiratory tract(39 4%), and then the lungs (23.1%); the key fungi were Candida albicans and C.krusei; the main susceptible factors were age, cancer stage, repeated radiotherapy or chemotherapy and unreasonable using antibiotics and hormones. The infection rate in patients with using immunopotentiators was lower than that without using them (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The key to reduction of hospital fungal infection after malignant tumors is to reduce susceptible factors, increase immunity and timely examine and treat the infection.