新型口服抗凝药物达比加群和利伐沙班相关出血的应对

近几年各类新型的口服抗凝药物陆续投入临床使用，其中最具代表性的药物是直接Xa因子抑制剂利伐沙班和直接凝血酶抑制剂达比加群。由于它们特殊的作用机制和针对性拮抗药物的匮乏，给临床医师在处理相关出血情况时造成了困难。利伐沙班和达比加群的半衰期较短，目前针对这两种药物相关出血的主要处理措施是对症支持治疗和观察；但在出现危及生命的大出血时，可以采取凝血因子的替代治疗。

The Management of Hemorrhage Lead by New Oral Anticoagulants Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban

In recent years, various kinds of new oral anticoagulants（NOAC） have been put in use in clinic. One of the most representative drugs is a direct factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban and direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran. Due to the short half-life of them, appropriate therapies include symptomatic supporting treatment and observation, which are likely to be effective for the majority of patients. In the case of life-threatening hemorrhage, clotting-factor substitutes may be appropriate in certain situations.