南京地区305例甲真菌病临床及致病菌分析

目的了解南京地区甲真菌病的临床分类、致病菌种分布等情况。方法对305例镜检阳性的甲真菌病患者进行真菌培养、菌种鉴定及临床分析。结果共培养出致病菌株165株,培养阳性率为54.1%。皮肤癣菌占91%,其中红色毛癣菌占95%,其次是须癣毛癣菌占5%;酵母菌占4.2%,白念珠菌占57%;非皮肤癣菌霉菌占4.8%,以枝顶孢霉为主(占75%),混合感染1例。临床类型以远端侧位甲下型最为常见(占48.2%),其次分别为浅表白色型(24.9%)和全甲破坏型(23.3%)。结论南京地区甲真菌病致病菌以皮肤癣菌为主,其次是非皮肤癣菌霉菌和酵母菌,红色毛癣菌为甲真菌病的优势致病菌。临床类型以远端侧位甲下型居多,其他依次为浅表白色型、全甲破坏型、近端甲下型。就诊人群以20~50岁居多,女性多于男性。

Clinical investigation and analysis of pathogenic fungus on 305 cases of onychomycosis in Nanjing

Objective To survery the epidemiology of pathogenic fungi and clinical patterns of onychomycosis during Mar 2011 to Apr 2012 in Nanjing district. Methods Fungal culture and clinical analysis were performed on 305 cases of onychomycosis with positive direct microscopic examination. Results 165 strains of pathogens were isolated, the positive rate was 54.1%. The most frequently isolated fungus was dermatophytes （91%）, followed by non-dermatophytic moulds （4.8%） and yeasts （4.2%）. DLSO were the most frequently clinical patterns （48.2%）, followed by SWO （24.9%） and TDO （23.3%）. Conclusion In Nanjing district, the most frequently pathogenic fungus of onychomycosis was trichophyton rubrum and the most frequently clinical patterns was DLSO.