认知老化及教育因素影响的研究

目的研究认知功能年老化过程及教育因素的影响。方法在已报告年龄和教育因素对１２项认知作业影响的基础上，进一步报告８项认知作业的实验结果，并综合分析上述２０项认知作业受年龄和教育的影响。结果（１）记忆受年龄和教育的双重影响，但当记忆测验的难度较小时，则表现出受年龄或教育的影响；（２）归纳推理和运算能力主要受教育的影响明显；（３）空间定向能力可能与年龄及教育的关系不大；（４）认知速度随年老明显减慢，并受教育的显著影响，且年龄与教育之间存在明显的交互作用。结论不同认知能力的老化过程及教育的影响是不相同的，认知速度对于评价认知老化程度有重要价值。

Cognitive aging and the effects of educational in flueces

The experimental results of 8 additional cognitive tasks were reported further on the basis of effects of age and education on 12 cognitive tasks reported.The effects of age and education on the above 20 congitive tasks were analysed synthelically and the results indicated.(1)Both age and education showed a significant effect on the ability of memory,but the memory was influenced obviously by age or education when the task was not difficult.(2)No sgnificant age difference was observed and the effect of education was obvious for induction reasoning and calculating abilities.(3)No significant effects of both age and education were found for spatial location.(4)Cognitive speed slowed significantly with age and was influenced obviously by education,moreover,there was an interaction between age and education for cognitive speed.