1988-2002年中国10个市县大肠癌的流行特征

目的 了解中国人群中大肠癌的发病、死亡情况及流行特征.方法 从<中国试点市、县恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡>第1～3卷中,提取1988--2002年肿瘤登记资料完整的10个市县的大肠癌数据资料,统计分析1988--1992年、1993--1997年、1998--2002年3个时期大肠癌的发病率和死亡率,评价大肠癌1988--2002年15年问的流行趋势.结果 1988--2002年中国10个市县共登记大肠癌新发病例62 793例,占全部恶性肿瘤新发病例的9.27%,居第4位.粗发病率为20.10/10万,中国人口调整率(简称中调率)为11.75/10万,世界人口调整率(简称世调率)为15.63/10万.大肠癌死亡35 545例,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡病例的7.37%,居第5位.粗死亡率为11.38/10万,中调率为6.35/10万,世调率为8.70/10万.1988--2002年大肠癌发病率和死亡率均呈上升趋势,发病率增长38.56%,死亡率增长15.30%;呈现男性高于女性、城市高于农村的流行特征.结肠癌的发病率(10.77/10万)高于直肠癌(9.33/10万).1988--1992年和1993--1999年2个时期,直肠癌死亡率均高于结肠癌,而1998--2002年结肠癌死亡率高于直肠癌.结论 1988--2002年中国10个市县大肠癌发病率和死亡率均呈上升趋势,应进一步加强全人群大肠癌的预防和诊治工作.

Prevalence trend of colorectal cancer in 10 cities and counties in China from 1988 to 2002

Objective To investigate the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China from 1998 to 2002, and to analyze its prevalence trend. Methods The cancer registration data in 10 cities and counties in China during the period of 1988-1992, 1993-1997 and 1998-2002 were used to investigate the incidence, mortality, and prevalence trend of colorectal cancer from 1988 to 2002. Results The total number of new cases of colorectal cancer in the 10 cities and counties during 1988-2002 was 62 793, accounting for 9.27% of all malignant tumors. The crude incidence rate was 20.10/105 , and the age-standardized incidence adjusted by world population was 15.63/105. The total number of death of colorectal cancer in the 10 cities and counties during 1988-2002 was 35 545, accounting for 7.37% of all malignant tumors. The mortality rate was 11.38/105, the age-standardized mortality rate adjusted by world population was 8.70/105. The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer during 1988-2002 increased by 38.56% and 15.30%, respectively, and the incidence and mortality rates in urban area was higher than that in rural area, and higher in males than in females. The crude incidence rate of colon cancer was higher than that of rectal cancer, especially in urban area, but the mortality of rectal cancer was a little bit higher than that of colon cancer. Conclusion There is an increasing trend in both the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer from 1988-2002 in the 10 cities and counties in China. Measures should further be taken in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the whole population of China in future.