Improvements in the technique of assessing implanted cardiac pacemakers

Over 250 pacemaker patients currently attend pacemaker clinics in three Glasgow hospitals. Since 1968, the pacemaker frontal-plane vector technique has been used at these clinics along with other investigations to detect adverse changes in the pacing function, or in the pacemaker itself. A pacemaker vectorcardiograph, which employs simultaneous measurements on conventional e.c.g. limb Leads, gives direct display on an oscilloscope screen of the pacemaker frontal-plane vector.