Vitamin D,Vitamin D-Binding Proteins,and VDR Polymorphisms in Individuals with Hyperglycaemia |
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Authors: | Rajiv Erasmus Setjie Maepa Ian Machingura Saarah Davids Shanel Raghubeer Tandi Matsha |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Pathology, Chemical Pathology Division, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (R.E.); (S.M.);2.SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (I.M.); (S.D.); (T.M.) |
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Abstract: | Vitamin D reportedly plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus; however, this role is unclear and debated. This study investigated the association between 25(OH) vitamin D, vitamin D-binding proteins, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in healthy individuals and those with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) from South Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving subjects of mixed ancestry aged ≥20 years. Males presented with higher mean 25(OH) vitamin D levels than females, while females exhibited significantly higher serum vitamin D-binding protein levels. Significant differences in mean 25(OH) vitamin D levels were observed in normo-glycaemic, prediabetes, screen-detected DM, and known DM individuals. Vitamin D receptor SNPs Fok1 and Taq1 were not associated with glycaemic status. Fok1 was not associated with 25(OH) vitamin D deficiency, while Taq1 was associated with vitamin D insufficiency. This study showed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in this South African population, with decreased vitamin D levels observed in hyperglycaemic individuals, which was not linked to either vitamin D-binding protein or polymorphisms in Fok1 of the VDR gene. These results may be used as a platform for further research into diagnosis and treatment of hyperglycaemia. |
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Keywords: | hyperglycaemia South Africa vitamin D vitamin D receptor vitamin D-binding protein |
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