公共场所从业人员生存质量及影响因素分析

目的探讨公共场所从业人员生存质量及其影响因素,为制定提高其生存质量的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法选取2012年某市开展监测的公共场所从业人员作为研究对象,用世界卫生组织编制的生存质量测定量表（WHOQOL-BREF）中文版进行问卷调查,测定并评价其生存质量现状。结果公共场所从业人员主观生存质量平均分为3.57分,主观总体健康状况平均分为3.67分,生理领域得分（14.65±2.27）,心理领域得分（13.62±2.67）,社会关系领域得分（14.42±2.39）,环境领域得分（12.64±2.60）。生理领域得分低于常模,社会和环境领域得分高于常模,差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.01）。单因素分析表明,影响从业人员生理领域得分的因素有学历、是否生病、单位类别、月均收入、人均住房面积。多元回归分析可知,影响公共场所从业人员生理领域得分的因素有家庭摩擦、食欲和学历。结论公共场所从业人员生存质量尚可,生理领域得分低于普通人群,应针对性地采取相应措施来提高其生存质量。

Investigation of living quality of employees in public places and influential factors

Objective To investigate living quality and its influencing factors of employees in public places,and provide a scientific evidence for interventions to improve employees＇ life quality.Methods Custer sampling method was used to select employees in public places which had carried out monitoring in 2012.Questionnaire survey was carried out by the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale（WHOQOL-BREF） Chinese version to examine life quality.Results Average score of subjective life quality,subjective overall health,physiological field,psychological field,social relationship field and environmental field were 3.57,3.67,14.65,13.62,14.42 and 12.64 respectively.The physiological field score was significantly lower than the norm,and social relationship field and environmental field score was significantly higher than the norm（P0.01）.Univariate analysis showed that education background,health status,profession,monthly income and housing area per capital were influential factors of physiological field,while multiple regression analysis showed that family frictions,appetite and education background were influential factors.Conclusion Life quality of employees in public places was acceptable,but the physiological field score was lower than the general population.It should be take appropriate measures to improve employees＇ quality of life.