海洛因依赖者情绪影响复吸分析

目的：了解海洛因依赖者的吸毒体验、负性情绪构成，探讨正、负情绪对复吸的影响。方法：采用心理学调查模式，设计《吸毒体验和负性情绪调查表》，收集海洛因依赖者的一般情况和各种情绪状况并作计数统计分析。结果：在693名海洛因依赖者中，98．27％的个体吸食海洛因获得了欣快感和多种正性感觉，呈现出明显的正性情绪效应；在戒除毒瘾后，不同的负性情绪出现率依次为：空虚无聊76．91％、无名心烦55．27％、吸戒矛盾54．40％和唯吸毒趣事32．76％；在遇到吸毒朋友时，“渴求”被唤醒率为73．01％，在心境恶化时，“渴求”被唤醒率为74．89％。结论：复吸是动物生存策略-“趋利避害”生物本能的行为体现。海洛因依赖者的高复吸率是由药物的奖赏属性与大脑奖赏的神经机制所决定。戒后至复吸的时间与负性情绪出现类型相关。

Analysis of emotion affecting relapse of heroin addicts

Objective： To understand the medical experience and constitution of negative emotion among heroin addicts and investigate the influence of positive and negative emotions on relapse of heroin addicts. Methods： A survey was conducted among drug abusers under rehabilitation through labor in Huizhou with the questionnaire for the medical experience of heroin and constitution of negative emotions designed by myself. Results： Among 693 heroin addicts, there are 98.27% individual who took the heroin acquired the pleasant sensation and various posi- tive experience and produced obvious effect of positive motion; After giving out drug addiction, there are various negative motion： empty-boring （76.91%）, antinomy （54.40%）, vexed （55.27%）, drug-interest （32.76%）; At meet- ing drug friend, the rate of evoking crave is 73.01%. When the mood is worsen, the rate of evoking crave is 74.89%. Conclusion： The relapse of heroin addicts is a kind of behavior that animal tend the benefit and avoid harming. The awarding merit of the medicine and cerebral nerve award mechanism leads to a high rate of relapse of heroin addicts. Type of negative motion related with time of relapse.