先天性耳廓畸形耳模矫正的疗效分析

目的 分析先天性耳廓畸形耳模矫正治疗的临床疗效。方法 回顾2019年1月—2021年12月在湖南省妇幼保健院耳鼻咽喉科门诊进行耳模矫正的201例（318耳）先天性耳廓畸形患儿,按患儿开始治疗的日龄将其分为3组：109例（181耳）<14 d的患儿为1组,75例（117耳）14～42 d的患儿为2组,17例（20耳）43～89 d的患儿为3组;分析3组患儿的治疗效果、治疗时长、并发症发生率等。结果 201例（318耳）先天性耳廓畸形患儿治疗的显效及治愈率为93.4%,佩戴时长平均（32.4±10.8） d,并发症发生率45.9%。3组的治疗显效及治愈率分别为96.7％、90.6％、80.0％,组间差异具有统计学意义（χ²=10.479,P=0.005）;3组的矫正时长分别为（30.2±10.4）、（35.2±10.8）、（35.5±9.7） d,组间差异具有统计学意义（F=8.940,P=0.000）;3组的并发症发生率分别为37.0％、59.8％和45.0％,差异具有统计学意义（χ²=14.900,P=0.001）。结论 先天性耳廓畸形患儿通过耳模矫正可获得良好的治疗效果,14 d内开始治疗有助于提高治疗效率,缩短治疗时长,降低并发症发生率。

Curative effect analysis of non-surgical correction of congenital auricular deformities in infants

Objective To study the clinical effect of non-surgical correction of congenital auricular deformities in infants.Methods A retrospective study was performed to 201 infants (318 ears) treated with non-surgical auricular correction from January 2019 to December 2021 in our hospital. According to the age of starting treatment, they were divided into 3 groups:the infants younger than 14 days of age belonged to group 1 (109 infants, 181 ears), infants aged 14-42 days to group 2 (75 infants, 117 ears), and those aged 42-89 days to group 3 (17 infants, 20 ears). Then their outcomes, treatment durations, and complication rates were calculated and compared.Results Of all the 201 infants (318 ears), the total success rate was 93.4%, the average treatment duration was (32.4±10.8) days, and the incidence of complication was 45.9%. The success rates of the three groups were 96.7%,90.6% and 80.0%,respectively (χ²=10.479,P=0.005), indicating statistically significant differences. The treatment durations were (30.2±10.4), (35.2±10.8) and (35.5±9.7) days respectively, and their differences were statistically significant (F=8.940,P=0.000). The incidences of complication were 37.0%, 59.8%, and 45.0% respectively, and the differences were also statistically significant (χ²=14.900, P=0.001).Conclusions Non-surgical correction of auricular deformities in early time has a significant molding effect. Treatment within 14 days is beneficial to improving treatment efficiency, shortening the treatment duration, and reducing the incidence of complication.