HLA-DRB1＊15与162例儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病发病的关系

为了研究HLA—DRB1＊15与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）的关系，用特异性引物，对162例15岁以下儿童ALL患者进行HLA—DRB1＊15检测，对HLA—DRB5＊进行PCR扩增，并与1000份健康脐血做显著性比较，计算相对危险度。结果表明：儿童ALL患者DRB1＊15的抗原频率为40．12％，等位基因频率为22．62％；对照组抗原频率为30．8％，等位基因频率为16．81％。两组比较，差别有显著的统计学意义（χ^2=5．560，P=0．018，RR=1．506）。结论：儿童ALL患者HLA—DRB1＊15的抗原频率和等位基因频率均显著高于正常对照，此结果对儿童ALL的发病机制研究有重要意义。

Relation of HLA-DRB1*15 with Pathogenesis in 162 Chilhood Cases of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

To unravel the relation of HLA-DRBI ＊ 15 with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL）, 162 childhood patients with ALL were selected for this investigation. 1 000 normal umbilical cord blood samples were used as control. HLA-DRB1 ＊ 15 and HLA-DRB5 ＊ were typed by ploymerase chain reaction （PCR） analysis. The relation of HLA-DRB1 ＊ 15 with childhood ALL was studied by calculating the chi-square test and relative risk. The results showed that the antigen frequencies and allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1 ＊ 15 in childhood patients with ALL were 40.12% and 22.62% respectively, while the antigen frequencies and allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1 ＊ 15 in control were 30.80% and 16.81% respectively, there were significant difference between them （ χ^2 = 5. 560,p = 0. 018, RR = 1. 506）. In conclusion, the antigen frequencies and allele frequences of HLA-DRB1 ~ 15 in childiood patients with ALL were higher than those in control, so the HLA-DRBl ＊ 15 gene is one of the genetic risk factors for childhood ALL. These preliminary data may be useful for further study on the pathogenesis of childhood ALL.