急性淋巴细胞白血病预后及其相关因素分析

为了解急性淋巴细胞白血病的预后及其相关因素,对1996-2005年我院收治的53例初治急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者疗效和预后进行分析,了解其缓解率、复发率、总生存率和无事件生存率,并采用同期病例对照法,探讨不同因素和预后的关系。结果表明:ALL总缓解率为67.9%;总复发率为37.7%,中位复发时间为缓解后6个月;18个月总生存率(OS)为35.1%,中位生存时间为4个月;18个月无事件生存率(EFS)为14.2%,中位无事件生存时间为1个月。不同性别患者EFS之间有显著性差异;年龄是缓解率的独立相关因素。初诊时白细胞总数和血红蛋白水平与OS和EFS显著相关,初诊时白细胞总数越高,死亡和复发风险越高;血红蛋白水平越高,死亡和复发风险越低。诱导后中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)为OS的独立相关因素,诱导后ANC越高,死亡风险越低。化疗后感染为复发独立相关因素,化疗后出血可影响OS,而诱导化疗中空腹血糖偏高者相对OS低。结论:急性淋巴细胞白血病的复发率高,成人相对于儿童预后不良,应依据疾病危险分组进行个体化治疗,防治感染和出血,以减少复发,延长无病生存时间。

Prognosis and Related Factors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

In order to analyze the prognosis and related factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 53 newly diagnosed ALL patients were enrolled in this study. The therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of 53 cases of ALL were analyzed, the remission, relapse, overall survival and event-free survival were studied, and relation between different factors and prognosis of ALL were investigated by comparison of cases in same stage. The results showed that the complete remission was achieved in 36 out of 53 patients, the total remission rate was 67.9%, the total relapse rate was 37.7%, the median relapse duration was 6 months after remission. Median overall survival (OS) and mediam event-free survival (EFS) time were 4 and 1 months after remission respectively, OS and EFS rate of 18 month was 35.1% and 14.2%. The patients with different gender had significantly different EFS. Age was an independent risk factor of CR rate. White blood cell count and hemoglobin level of newly diagnosed patients were significantly correlated with OS and EFS. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at the end of the induction chemotherapy was an independent related factor of OS, the higher ANC, the lower risk of death. The patients with or without chemotherapy related infection had different relapse rate. The patients with bleeding after chemotherapy had lower OS when compared with those without bleeding. Serum glucose level was a significant negative prognostic factor. It is concluded that there is higher relapse rate, poor prognosis in adult ALL in comparison with children. In order to decrease the relapse rate and prolong the EFS, individual therapeutical regimens and prophylaxis of complicating diseases should be applied to ALL patients.