青海省鼠疫疫源地鼠疫耶尔森菌的基因型分布

目的研究青海省鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)基因型分布特征。方法对分离到的青海省148株鼠疫菌,根据已经证实的22个差异区段设计引物,每株鼠疫菌的每个基因差异区段都采用PCR技术进行验证。结果148株青海省鼠疫菌共包括8个基因型,即1、5、7、8、14型、新基因组型和Ype-ancestor型,其中以5型和8型为主。祁连山南麓和青海湖环湖地区的祁连、门源、刚察、海晏、共和、天峻等的菌株绝大多数属于基因型8型,占40．5％(60／148);位于青南高原的格尔木、玉树、扎多、治多、称多、囊谦和曲麻莱等的菌株,其基因型主要为5型,占31．8％(47／148)。青藏高原青海田鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌基因型全部为14型,占8．1％(12／148)。结论在青海省分离的鼠疫菌中,喜马托雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌的基因型以5型和8型为主,青海田鼠疫源地鼠疫菌以基因型14型为主。

Studied on the genomic typing of strains of Yersinia pestis from plague foci of Qinghai Province in China

Objective Studied on the distributed character of genomovar of Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) from plague foci of Qinghai Province in China. Methods Primer pairs targeting the 22 different regions (DFRs) were designed from 148 Y. pestis strains in Qinghai Province. Each pair was verified by the polymerase chain reaction. Results Eight types of genomovar in 148 strains of Y. pestis were found, genomovar 1,5,7,8,14,new type and Ype-ancestor type. Genomovar 8, accounting for 40.5%(60/148), was mainly found in strains of Y. pestis from Qilian, Menyuan, Gangcha, Haiyan, Gonghe and Tianjun. Genomovar 5 was mainly found in strains of Y. pestis from Geermu, Yushu, Zhaduo, Zhiduo, Chengduo, Angqian and Qumalai, accounting for 31.8%(47/148). Genomovar 10 was found in strains of Y. pestis from Angqian, Genomovar 14 was mainly found in strains of Y. pestis from Chengduo, accounting for 8.1% (12/148). Conclusions In the strains of Y. pestis from Qinghai Province, the genomic types in the strains of Y. pestis from Marmota Himalayana Plague focus are mainly genomovar 5 and 8. The genomic type in the strains of y. pestis from Microtus fuscus plague focus is mainly genomovar 14.