农村医疗救助对象确定中的公平性测度

目的:通过对河南省农村医疗救助试点县医疗救助对象的“最困难”和“最急需”程度的测度,初步分析当前国家医疗救助实施的公平性。方法:用贫困缺口、贫困距、医疗支出比和灾难性支出家庭比等指标定量测度“最困难”和“最急需”的程度。结果:样本县现在所确定的医疗救助对象确属“最困难的人员”;而非医疗救助对象的医疗支出是“最急需的医疗支出”;但疾病经济负担仍是救助户重于非救助户。结论:建议增大救助覆盖面和救助力度,民政部门和新型农村合作医疗管理机构联合运作,关注低收入以及因病致灾的高医疗费用群体,及时给予恰当救助,提高政策执行力度和效率。

Estimation of the Fairness in Determining Assisted Object of "Medical Assistance in Rural Area"

Purpose By the estimation to the degree of"most difficult"and"in most urgent need"of the medical assisted object of the pilot medical assistance counties of Henan Province,primarily analyze the fairness of the carrying out medical assistance. Method Quantitatively estimate the degree of"most difficult"and"in most urgent need"by using the indexes of poverty gap,poverty difference,medical expenditure ratio and disaster family expenditure ratio,etc. Result The medical assisted objectives affirmed by the sample county are real "the most difficult people";And the medical expenditure of non medical assisted objectives is the expenditure"in most urgent need";Whereas,in disease economic burden,assisted families have more burden than non-assisted families. Conclusion It is suggested to expand medical assistance covering surface and increase assistance degree,civil administration departments and new rural cooperative medical system make joint operation to pay attention to the population of low income and high medical expenditure with disasters resulted by diseases,and give proper assistance in time,increase the degree and efficiency of implementing policy.