定量超声技术检测学龄期儿童骨状况的价值研究

摘要：目的　评价定量超声检测技术在了解学龄期儿童骨营养状况中的应用价值。方法　2006年10月四川大学华西第二医院儿童保健科采用定量超声仪对1750名学龄期儿童进行左侧胫骨声波速度（SOS）测量,同时评价体格发育指标及性成熟程度,分析SOS值与年龄、性别、体格发育指标、性成熟程度的关系。结果　研究对象营养状况较好,其中7～9岁男童肥胖的检出率较高。SOS值随年龄增长而逐渐增高,但男、女儿童出现SOS值快速增长的年龄阶段不一样。随着性发育水平的提高,男、女儿童SOS值有逐渐升高的趋势。体重、身高与SOS值成显著正相关（P < 0.05）;10～12岁女性肥胖儿童的SOS值明显高于研究对象中同年龄的非肥胖儿童（P < 0.05）;多元回归分析发现,身高是影响学龄期儿童SOS值的重要因素（P < 0.05）。结论　定量超声检测能用于反映骨营养状态。这一技术在监测学龄期儿童骨骼发育中有良好的应用前景,但对不同年龄阶段儿童骨营养状态的研究有待加强。

The research of the ultrasound bone measurement of school-age children.

Abstract：Objective　To evaluate the application of a new quantitative ultrasound system which is used to monitor bone mineral density of school-age children. Methods　A total of 1750 subjects were examined,aged from 6 to 13 years old. The speed of sound （SOS） was measured in all subjects,and the growth and the degree of the sex maturity were also measured. Ultimately,the relationships between SOS and the index were investigated. Results　All subjects’nutritional status was good . The SOS increased with the age, but among the boys and the girls,the age phase of rapid increas was not the same . The SOS increased with the maturity of sex. There were positive relationships between height、weight and the SOS （r = 0.2599、0.2743,P < 0.05）. In the 10～12-year old girl group,the SOS of obesity was higher than that of normal weight （ t = 2.94、2.48,P < 0.05）. As shown by stepwise regression analyses, height was the most important factor which affected the SOS（F = 11.63,P < 0.05）. Conclusion　The result of quantitative ultrasound has well consistency with the bone density, which is examined by DXA. The quantitative ultrasound can be used to estimate the growth of bone in children.