芥子气对大鼠骨髓细胞DNA损伤的研究

目的　研究芥子气 (MG)对大鼠骨髓细胞DNA的损伤作用。方法　雄性SD大鼠随机分为 6组 ,腹腔注射生理盐水 (NS)、丙二醇、MG(0 .2、0 .4、0 .8、1.6mg/kg体重 ) ,分别于染毒后 0、2 4、4 8、72h处死各组的 5只大鼠 ,用单细胞凝胶电泳法分析大鼠骨髓细胞DNA的损伤情况。结果　在染毒后 0h各组的大鼠骨髓细胞DNA损伤差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;丙二醇组的大鼠骨髓细胞DNA迁移率和迁移度在染毒后 2 4、4 8、72h分别为 15 .4 %± 0 .2 1%、16 .0 %± 0 .19%、15 .7%± 0 .2 3%和 (11.4±0 .2 )、(13.5± 0 .3)、(12 .8± 0 .2 ) μm ,明显高于在同时刻的NS组水平 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;各MG组的大鼠骨髓细胞DNA迁移率和迁移度在染毒后 2 4、4 8、72h分别高于在同时刻的NS组和丙二醇组水平 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　MG对大鼠骨髓细胞DNA有损伤作用 ,随剂量的增大损伤有上升的趋势 ,损伤呈时间依赖性。

Study on DNA damage in rat bone marrow cells induced by mustard gas

OBJECTIVE: To study the damage of DNA in rat bone marrow cells induced by mustard gas. METHOD: Male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups. Physiological saline, propylene glycol and mustard gas(0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/kg) were given separately by i.p. injection. 5 rats in each group were killed after 0, 24, 48, 72 hours of exposure. The DNA damage in rat bone marrow cells was assayed by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). RESULTS: There is no significant difference of DNA damage among all groups at 0 h(P > 0.05). The rates of DNA migration and the lengths of DNA migration of the rat bone marrow cells in propylene glycol group at 24, 48, 72 hours were 15.4% +/- 0.21%, 16.0% +/- 0.19%, 15.7% +/- 0.23% and (11.4 +/- 0.2), (13.5 +/- 0.3), (12.8 +/- 0.2) micron respectively, and they were significantly higher than those of physiological saline group at the same time(P < 0.05). The rates of DNA migration and the lengths of DNA migration of the rat bone marrow cells in mustard gas groups at 24, 48, 72 hours were significantly higher than those in physiological saline group and propylene glycol group at the same time(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Mustard gas could induce DNA damage in rat bone marrow cells. The damage was likely to rise as the dose increased and was time-dependent.