气管切开术后无名动脉出血的解剖基础及护理对策

为给气管切开术后继发性无名动脉出血的预防提供解剖学资料，在７例成人标本和１７例断层标本上观测了气管与无名动脉的毗邻关系。无名动脉邻近第８～１２气管软骨环，由左下方向右上方斜跨，套管气囊邻近无名动脉的上、中段，套管末端邻近其中、下段。无名动脉中段与气管最密切处两内壁间厚度仅为３５ｍｍ，解剖学观测结果提示，术后病人体位异常、气囊充气压力过高和时间过长或置管后套管位置过低均可造成气管壁的损伤，从而继发无名动脉出血。从解剖学角度提出了相应的护理对策

Anatomical Basis of the Arteria Anonyma Hemorrhage after Tracheotomy and its indication to Nursing Care

In order to provide anatomical basis for prevention of the arteria anonyma hemorrhaging after tracheotomy,a study was conducted based on dissection in 7 adult cadvers and 17 sets of cross sections of cadvers.The relations of arteria anonyma and trachea were observed and measured.The position of arteria anonyma is close to the height from 8th to 12th tracheal cartilagines.It is just 3.5mm that the shortest thickness from artery's inner wall to trachea's.Based on the anatomical structure,the relation between arteria anonyma hemorrhage and abnomality of the body position,gasbag's presure and time,or the casing pipe position were discussed.Nursing strategies were discussed. Author's address Department of Anatomy,PLA Jinan Junior College of Medicine,Jinan 250022