颈部淋巴结转移瘤的影像学评价

颈部淋巴结极为丰富,在全身800多枚淋巴结中占300多枚。颈部淋巴结病变多为炎症、淋巴瘤和肿瘤转移所致。头颈部恶性肿瘤最常发生颈部淋巴结转移。转移性淋巴结的正确诊断对肿瘤临床分期、治疗方案选择、治疗效果及预后评价意义重大。随着超声、CT、MRI、PET、PET/CT等技术的应用,颈部转移性淋巴结诊断的准确度和特异度大大提高。在多普勒超声波谱分析中,淋巴结内血流阻力指数是一个很好区分肿大淋巴结性质的指标;CT增强扫描是颈部转移淋巴结最常用且有效的检查方法;MRS通过对淋巴结内代谢产物的改变反映淋巴结的病理改变;而PET则是目前惟一真正意义上的功能显像技术。本文就颈部转移性淋巴结检出的各种影像学检查技术的现状及进展予以综述。

Imaging Assessment of Cervical Lymph Nodes Metastatic Tumor

Plenty of lymph nodes are in cervical part,more than 300 M among 800 M all over the body. The lymph node＇s pathological changes are usually caused by inflammation,lymphoma and metastatic tumor. The malignant tumor in head and neck usually cause metastatic cervical nodes. So it is important to make correct diagnosis for clinical stage, selection of therapeutic strategy, treatment efficiency, prognosis assessment. With the clinical application of US, CT, MRI, PET/CT and so on. The diagnostic accuracy rating and speci- ficity of metastasic cervical lymph nodes have been elevated. Analysis of spectrum in US, the index of bloodstream resistance in lymph nodes is a sensitive indicatrix to distinguish the property ; CT contrast enhancement scan is the most useful method to detect the lymph node;MRS reflect the pathology changes though the metabolism product changes in lymph nodes;PET is the only functional imaging technology now. This article reviews the status and progress of every imaging examination method used to detect the metastasis lymph nodes in cervical part.