社区老年视觉障碍人群保健服务体系的建立与实施

目的 了解社区老年视觉障碍人群就医行为与影响因素,为社区建立健全老年眼保健服务提供实际依据.方法 对视力普查中检出有不同程度视觉障碍的老年人,进行眼保健服务体系实施前后的问卷调查,调查内容主要有就医行为、影响因素、眼保健知识认知程度等.结果 与建立并实施眼保健服务体系前比较,视觉障碍老年人选择"及时就医"者由36.54%提高到72.95%,对眼保健知识"完全不了解"者由62.69%降低为4.11%.结论 随着我国人口老龄化,老年性眼病也愈来愈多,青光眼、白内障、老年性黄斑退化及糖尿病视网膜病变等是引起视力衰退或丧失的四大原因.因此,将老年人视力障碍的初级眼保健纳入社区服务内容,加强眼科专业人士、社区保健工作者的工作联系,建立起老年视觉障碍保健服务及转诊体系,在社区积极开展初级眼保健知识的教育,对提高老年人的眼保健意识、减缓视力衰退、积极防治视觉障碍、提高老年生活质量等有着重要的意义.

The foundation and implement of health care service system for old patients with vision impairment in community

Objective to study the treatment seeking behavior and its influencing factors for old patients with vision impairment in community;provide evidence to the foundation of the health care service system.Methods performed questionnaire respectively before and after the foundation of the health care service systern for the old patients with vision impairment in different degree.The questionnaire items maildy include the treatment seeking behavior,the influencing factors,and the cognitive degree of eyes health care knowledge,etc.Results Comparing with the situation before founding the eyes health care service system,the rate that patients seek treatment in time increased from 36.54%to 72.95%;the rate that patients know little about eyes healthcare decreased from 62.69%to 4.11%.Condusion Along with the pepulation ageing in our country,the number of old people with eye disease is increasing.The glaucoma,cataract,Age-related Macular Degeneration,and the diabetic retinopathy are the 4 reasons that cause the old people's eyesight deterioration or lost.Therefore,in order to improve old people's eyes healtheare knowledge,reduce their eyesight deteriorating,prevent vision impairment,and improve their living quality,we should add the primary eyes healthcare to the community service work,improve the contact between professionals of ophthalmologiat and the community healthcare workers,set up the healthcare service and trans-clinic system for the ddefly with vision impairment,and develop the primary eyes healthcure education actively in community.