柳州市城乡中小学生伤害现状比较分析

目的分析柳州市市区与乡村中小学生伤害的种类、原因、地点、学段、性别分布及其城乡差异,为开展伤害预防提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法于2007年11月对柳州市18所中小学校3600人进行问卷调查。结果市区伤害发生率为12.34%,低于乡村的36.79%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=265.91,Р〈0.01）。伤害类型顺位市区前四位为跌伤〉碰伤〉交通伤〉动物咬伤;乡村学生前四位为跌伤〉碰伤〉刀割伤〉交通伤。伤害原因市区学生前三位为玩耍（31.72%）、课间或课外活动（13.81%）、体育课（10.82%）;乡村学生前三位为玩耍（24.94%）、做家务（12.47%）和体育课（12.47%）。结论可根据受教育对象的学习阶段、性别、城乡差异等特点,以及目标人群中最易发生的与伤害相关的危险行为,制定针对性预防措施。

Comparative study on injuries in primary and secondary school students in Liuzhou

Objective To investigate the prevalence of injuries among primary and secondary school students and its risk factors including types,causes,location, school and the gender distribution of urban-rural differences, and provide foundation for developing interventions. Methods In 18 schools of Liuzhou, 3 600 students were selected by stratified cluster sampling method in November 2007. Their injury prevalence in the past year was surveyed with questionnaires. Results The overall incidence was 12.34% for urban students, lower than the rural 36.79% （χ2=265.91,Р0.01）. The first four types of the injury among students in urban included： falling, bumping, traffic related injuries and animal biting, and the leading causes were playing （31.72%）, classes and extracurricular activities （13.81%）, and physical education （10.82%）. The first four types of the injury among students in rural included： falling,bumping,knife-cutting and traffic related injuries, and the leading causes were playing （24.94%）,housework （12.47%） and physical education （12.47%）. Conclusion Based on the differences of course,gender,urban and rural among the students, preventive measures was developed to prevent injury-related risk behaviors in target population.