Common and epithelioid variants of hepatic angiomyolipoma exhibit clonal growth and share a distinctive immunophenotype |
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Authors: | Flemming P Lehmann U Becker T Klempnauer J Kreipe H |
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Institution: | Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany. Flemming.Peer@mh-hannover.de |
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Abstract: | Angiomyolipoma represents a rare liver tumor of uncertain histogenesis that is commonly considered a hamartoma. A series of 12 hepatic angiomyolipomas, including 3 samples of the epithelioid subtype, was analyzed for clonality using the human androgen receptor gene locus (HUMARA). Four of 6 informative cases revealed monoclonality. The polyclonal pattern in the 2 remaining cases was most probably caused by excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells. Monoclonality with an identical X-chromosomal inactivation pattern in all nodules was found in a multifocal recurrent tumor indicating a metastatic process. Despite the morphologic heterogeneity, all tumors displayed an identical immunohistochemical labeling pattern. It is concluded that different subtypes of hepatic angiomyolipoma exhibit a monoclonal and hence probably neoplastic growth and share an identical immunophenotype suitable for their identification even in small biopsy specimens. The epithelioid subtype may give rise to intrahepatic metastasis. |
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