SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions: Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Development for Myelofibrosis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Hematology/ OncologyMember, Plasma Cell Disorders Program Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health/Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC;2. Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS;1. Department of Clinical Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India;2. Department of Medical Oncology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India;3. Neuberg Supratech Reference Laboratories, Ahmedabad, India;4. Department of Hematopathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;5. Department of Molecular Genetics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India;6. Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India;1. Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY;2. UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA;3. Department of Hematology Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;4. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CCUN, CIMA, CIBERONC, IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain;5. Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC;6. Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;1. Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA;2. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA |
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| Abstract: | Development of myelofibrosis (MF) therapeutics has reached fruition as the transformative impact of JAK2 inhibitors in the MPN landscape is complemented/expanded by a profusion of novel monotherapies and rational combinations in the frontline and second line settings. Agents in advanced clinical development span various mechanisms of action (eg, epigenetic or apoptotic regulation), may address urgent unmet clinical needs (cytopenias), increase the depth/duration of spleen and symptom responses elicited by ruxolitinib, improve other aspects of the disease besides splenomegaly/constitutional symptoms (eg, resistance to ruxolitinib, bone marrow fibrosis or disease course), provide personalized strategies, and extend overall survival (OS). Ruxolitinib had a dramatic impact on the quality of life and OS of MF patients. Recently, pacritinib received regulatory approval for severely thrombocytopenic MF patients. Momelotinib is advantageously poised among JAK inhibitors given its differentiated mode of action (suppression of hepcidin expression). Momelotinib demonstrated significant improvements in anemia measures, spleen responses, and MF-associated symptoms in MF patients with anemia; and will likely receive regulatory approval in 2023. An array of other novel agents combined with ruxolitinib, such as pelabresib, navitoclax, parsaclisib, or as monotherapies (navtemadlin) are evaluated in pivotal phase 3 trials. Imetelstat (telomerase inhibitor) is currently evaluated in the second line setting; OS was set as the primary endpoint, marking an unprecedented goal in MF trials, wherein SVR35 and TSS50 at 24 weeks have been typical endpoints heretofore. Transfusion independence may be considered another clinically meaningful endpoint in MF trials given its correlation with OS. Overall, therapeutics are at the cusp of an exponential expansion and advancements that will likely lead to the golden era in treatment of MF. |
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