Right Ventricular Changes in Highly Trained Athletes: Between Physiology and Pathophysiology |
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| Authors: | Antonello D’Andrea Alberto Morello Agostino Mattera Iacono Raffaella Scarafile Rosangela Cocchia Lucia Riegler Enrica Pezzullo Enrica Golia Eduardo Bossone Raffaele Calabrò Maria Giovanna Russo |
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| Institution: | Department of Cardiology, Integrated Diagnostic Cardiology, AORN dei Colli, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy;1.Department of Heart, Cardiology Division, Cava de'' Tirreni and Amalfi Coast Hospital, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Several studies have described the adaptive remodeling of the heart during exercise. In some more practiced endurance athletes, there is a disproportionate load on the right ventricle (RV), at least during exercise, and this might be the basis for a chronic pro-arrhythmic RV remodeling. Especially, in these kinds of athletes the recovery after detraining might be incomplete, in particular for RV changes. The observation of acute myocardial injury based on transient elevation of biomarkers and chronic myocardial scar, not completely reversible changes of the RV and an increased prevalence of some arrhythmias support the existence of an “exercise-induced cardiomyopathy.” The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge about changes in the right heart in highly trained athletes and how these change influence cardiac function. |
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| Keywords: | Athletes heart Doppler exercise-induced cardiomyopathy right heart sport training strain |
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