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目的了解南京市儿童过敏性鼻炎流行病特征患儿生活质量相关问题及家长对过敏性鼻炎认知程度.方法 2004年3～4月,南京军区南京总医院选择南京市区7所小学的三年级学生(9～10岁)为研究对象,设计"南京市儿童呼吸道疾病问卷调查表",问卷内容包括基线指标(年龄、性别、病程、家族史、基础疾病、诱因、居住环境、治疗情况、上年度学习成绩)及生活质量相关问题(睡眠、性格、记忆等).结果 (1)实际调查总数为1087份,应答989份,有效问卷942份.(2)南京市9～10岁儿童过敏性鼻炎现患率为5.1%(48/942),男、女无统计学差异.持续性占45.8%(22/48),其中轻度10例(20.8%)、中～重度12例(25.0%);间歇性占54.2%(26/48),其中轻度22例(45.8%)、中～重度4例(8.3%).(3)鼻塞273例(273/942),其中影响睡眠94例(34.5%);鼻塞程度对学习成绩的影响有统计学意义;(4)过敏性鼻炎对睡眠状态、性格、记忆影响有统计学意义.(5)有家族史27.1%(13/48).(6)发病诱因粉尘或刺激性气体33.4%(16/48)、花粉37.5%(18/48)、宠物21%(10/48).(7)仅4%(2/48)患儿家长了解鼻用糖皮质激素使用的个性化原则,无一位家长了解WHO-ARIA指南中阶梯治疗方案.结论鼻塞对学习成绩影响有显著意义,过敏性鼻炎对睡眠状态、性格、记忆等影响有显著意义.遗传和环境因素在过敏性鼻炎发病机制中有重要作用.家长对过敏性鼻炎认知程度较低.

Questionnaire survery of children allergic rhinitis and correlative life quality

?? AbstractObjectiveTo make known the epidemic features of children allergic rhinitis (AR) and correlative life quality in Nanjing city,China. MethodsA questionnaire survey on AR and airway diseases was done among 1087 elementary school children,aged from 9 to10,of seven schools in Nanjing city by random cluster sampling,from March to May 2004.The survey included screening suspects of AR by filling up the questionnaires by their parents and then special examination for accurate diagnosis.All data were dealt with statistically. Results(1)A total of 989 parents returned their questionnaires and 942 questionnaires were available.(2)The prevalence rate of AR of children aged from 9 to 10 was 5.1% in Nanjing city,the difference of prevalence between females(5.6%,27/484)and males(4.6%,21/458) was not statistically significant (??2=0.480,P>0.05).According to the classification criteria of ARIA(Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma) in 2001,26 children suffered from intermittent AR(mild 22 cases??moderate??severe 4 cases)??while 22 from persistent AR(mild 10 cases??moderate??severe 12 cases).(3)Sleep was influenced by nasal blockage 94/273(34.5%),which had statistical significance in children exam grades(??2=30.691 P=0.000).(4)Survey results of children life quality:allergic rhinitis had statistically profound significance in children sleep?? character and memory.(5)27.1%(13/48)patients of AR had family history.(6) Allergens included dust or stimulating gas (33.4%??16/48)??pollen(37.5%??18/48)?? pets(21%??10/48)??living environmental pollution after domestic decoration(23% patients were induced within one month to two years after domestic decoration ).(7)Only 4%(2/48)parents knew about the method of applying intranasal glucocorticoid;no one parent understood therapeutic principle which WHO??ARIA commended. ConclusionAllergic rhinitis influence many aspects of life( children sleep?? character and memory ).Nasal blockage has statistical significance in children exam grades.Heredity and environment play important roles in pathogenesis.The cognition degree of allergic rhinitis is at low level at present.