不同光环境下哈萨克族人视力调查

目的:探讨光环境改变对人眼屈光状态的影响。方法:2005-11/2006-11随机调查哈萨克族人427例828眼,年龄40～60岁,其中牧区哈萨克族人279例546眼,主要以自然光为主要照明方式,城市哈萨克居民148例282眼,以人工光源为主要照明方式,且光照时间延长,对调查对象进行裸眼视力检查和屈光状态检查等。结果:城市哈萨克族人裸眼视力19.1%(54眼)为0.4～0.5,20.9%(59眼)为0.6～0.8,17.7%(50眼)为1.0以上者。而牧区哈萨克族人裸眼视力25.1%(137眼)为0.6～0.8,58.4%(319眼)在1.0以上。两组人群裸眼视力≥1.0者,人群分布有显著性差异。城市哈萨克族人屈光度多分布在平光和-4.0之间,而牧区哈萨克族人屈光度多分布在+2.00D～-2.00D之间,两组人群屈光度为+2.00D～平光和≤-3.00D以上者,人群分布有显著性差异。城市哈萨克族人日光灯为主要的照明光源,70.9%(105例)人工光源照射超过6h。牧区哈萨克族人主要在室外活动,以自然界全光谱自然光照明为主,75.3%(210例)户外活动时间超过9h以上。结论:光环境的变化可能是引起近视发病率增高的重要因素。

Refractive error investigation of Kazakans in different light environment

AIM:To study the effect of different light environment on refractive error. METHODS: From November, 2005 to November, 2006, We investigated Kazak 427 cases (828 eyes), the age 40-60 years old. The pastoral Kazak were 279 cases (546 eyes), the city Kazak 148 cases (282 eyes). The pastoral Kazak still used natural illumination. But the city Kazak illuminated mainly by the artificial light. All objects were inspected vision and refractive error. RESULTS: Among 19.1% (54 eyes) the vision of the city Kazak is 0.4-0.5, 20.9% (59 eyes) the vision 0.6-0.8, 17.7% (50 eyes) the vision above 1.0. 25.1% (137 eyes) the vision of the pastoral Kazak is 0.6-0.8, 58.4% (319 eyes) the vision above 1.0. The number whose vision more than 1.0 in pastoral Kazak were more than city Kazak (P<0.05). The city Kazak diopter were mainly between 0.00D and -4.00D. The pastoral Kazak diopter were mainly between +2.00D and -2.00D. Two group’s diopters between +2.00D and 0.00D or less than 3.00D have obvious difference. The daylight lamp was the main illumination photo source in the city Kazak. 70.9% (105 cases) the artificial light illuminated more than 6 hours. 75.3% (210 cases) the outdoors activity time was above 9 hours by the natural light illumination in the pastoral Kazak. CONCLUSION: It suggests that poor light environment is one of very important reasons to cause refractive error. 