正常成人低通滤波汉语清塞音的识别研究

目的获得健听成人识别低通滤波汉语清塞音所需的最低截止频率及识别的影响因素。方法以汉语清塞音与韵母/a/组成的/ba/、/pa/、/da/、/ta/、/ga/、/ka/单音节为言语测试材料,步长为200Hz,通过上升法测试33名健听成人不同截止频率时的识别情况,获得正确识别的最低截止频率,并对结果进行方差分析。结果①33名健听成人识别/ba/、/da/、/ga/、/ta/、/ka/所需的截止频率在3 000Hz以下,分别为2 239.39、2 936.36、2 084.55、2 372.73、1 693.94Hz,识别/pa/需7 000Hz左右的截止频率,为6 784.85Hz。②识别清塞音所需的低通截止频率受到送气方式和发音部位的影响,但不受受试者性别影响。结论识别低通滤波汉语清塞音/pa/所需的最低截止频率均值高于6 000Hz,其余清塞音的最低截止频率均值均在3 000Hz以下;识别清塞音的截止频率由低到高依次为/ka/、/ga/、/ba/、/ta/、/da/、/pa/;发声的送气方式和发音部位影响低通截止频率。

Recognition of Low-pass Filtered Voiceless Stop Consonants in Chinese Mandarin in Normal-hearing Adults

Objective We aim to get the lowest cut-off frequencies for recognizing low-pass filtered voiceless stop consonants in normal-hearing adults and the factors affecting recognition. Methods Test materials consisted of six consonant-vowel syllables as /pa/,/ta/,/ka/,/pa/,/ta/,/ka/.By ascending the cut-off frequency,we got the proportion of correct answers on each frequency and the lowest cut-off frequency for the best performance as well.Repeated measure was used to analyze the significance among the levels of factors. Results ①3 000 Hz or lower was required for /pa/,/ta/,/ka/,/ta/,/ka/ recognition and higher than 7 000 Hz for /pa/ in 33 normal-hearing adults.② Frequencies necessary for low-pass filtered voiceless stop consonants recognition was affected by methods of aspiration and place of articulation,but not affected by gender. Conclusion We get the lowest cut-off frequencies for recognizing /pa/,/ta/,/ka/,/pa/,/ta/,/ka/ and provide reference for low-pass filtered monosyllable test.