Synthesis and Evaluation of Pegylated Dendrimeric Nanocarrier for Pulmonary Delivery of Low Molecular Weight Heparin |
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Authors: | Shuhua Bai Fakhrul Ahsan |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 Coulter Drive, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA |
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Abstract: | Purpose This study tests the hypothesis that pegylated dendrimeric micelles prolong the half-life of low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH) and increase the drug’s pulmonary absorption, thereby efficacious in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a rodent
model.
Materials and Methods Pegylated PAMAM dendrimer was synthesized by conjugating G3 PAMAM dendrimer with methyl ester of polyethylene glycol 2000
(PEG-2000). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and thin layer chromatography (TLC)
were used to evaluate the identity and purity of pegylated dendrimer. The particle size distributions of the formulations
were measured by using a Nicomp Zeta meter, and drug entrapment efficiency was studied by azure A assay. The efficacy of pegylated
dendrimers in enhancing pulmonary absorption, prolonging drug half-life, and preventing DVT was studied in a rodent model.
Results FTIR, NMR and TLC data confirmed that PAMAM dendrimer was conjugated to PEG-2000. The entrapment efficiency of LMWH in PEG–dendrimer
micelles was about 40%. Upon encapsulation of LMWH, the particle size of PEG–dendrimer micelles increased from 11.7 to 17.1 nm.
LMWH entrapped in PEG–dendrimer produced a significant increase in pulmonary absorption and the relative bioavailability of
the formulation was 60.6% compared to subcutaneous LMWH. The half-life of the PEG–dendrimer-based formulation was 11.9 h,
which is 2.4-fold greater than the half-life of LMWH in a saline control formulation. When the formulation was administered
at 48-h intervals, the efficacy of LMWH encapsulated in pegylated dendrimers in reducing thrombus weight in a rodent model
was very similar to that of subcutaneous LMWH administered at 24-h intervals.
Conclusions Pegylated PAMAM dendrimer could potentially be used as a carrier for pulmonary delivery of LMWH for the long-term management
of DVT. |
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Keywords: | jugular vein thrombosis low molecular weight heparin pegylated PAMAM dendrimer pulmonary absorption |
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