伪膜性肠炎诊治进展

伪膜性肠炎常发生于应用抗生素之后,发病率有呈上升趋势.主要表现为腹泻、腹痛、发热及血象升高.在使用抗生素治疗期间或者之后6～8周出现腹泻均应考虑该诊断.合理使用抗生素是预防关键.灭滴灵及万古毒素目前仍是最有效的治疗药物.难辨梭菌类毒素疫苗的接种成功为复发高危患者带来了希望.

Update on diagnosis and treatment of pseudomembranous colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis usually develops after antibiotics administration. The morbidity is gradually ascending. Its manifestations are diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever and increase of white blood cells. The diagnosis should be suspected in any patient who develops diarrhea during antibiotic therapy or within 6-8 weeks of treatment. The key to prevent Pseudomembranous colitis is to administrate antibiotics rationally. Metronidazole and vancomycin are still the most effective drugs to treat the disease. A Clostridium difficile toxoid vaccine successfully induced immune responses to toxins A and B brings hope to those individuals who are recurrent high-risk patients.