过氯酸铵亚急性毒性及致突变作用

目的　研究过氯酸铵 (ammoniumperchlorate ,AP)的亚急性毒性和致突变作用。 方法　毒性试验按 15 0 ,30 0 ,6 0 0mg/kg3个剂量给小鼠隔日经口染毒 35d。致突变试验选用Ames试验、微核试验和精子畸形试验。结果　染毒 35d各组动物未见异常表现 ,体重增长各组间差异无显著性 ;各剂量组脏器系数、血红蛋白含量差异均无显著性 ,白细胞数高剂量组与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;血清丙氨酸转氨酶、尿素氮各组间差异均无显著性。AP各剂量组微核率均比阴性对照组显著升高 (P <0 0 1) ;精子畸形率、中高剂量组死亡率比阴性对照组显著增高 ,精子存活率则显著降低 ,其差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。但Ames试验结果为阴性。结论　高剂量AP对白细胞可能存在一定影响 ,并可能具有一定的遗传毒性。

Study on Sub-acute Toxicity and Mutagenicity in Mice Caused by Ammonium Perchlorate

Objective To study the sub acute toxicity and mutagenicity of ammonium perchlorate(AP)in mice.Methods Experimental mice were divided into 4 groups:1 control group and 3 experiment groups.The latter groups were administered orally with AP(150,300,600 mg/kg respectively)once every other day for 35 days.Ames test,micronucleus test and sperm deformation test were selected for mutagenic observation.Results Results showed that animals of each group did not show any abnormality within 35 days.The body weight,organic coefficient and hemoglobin of mice showed no significant difference in each group.The leucocyte of mice in high dose group was lower than that of the control group(P<0 05).ALT and BUN in serum were not significantly different in each group.Micronucleus rates of each AP dose groups increased significantly than that of the control group(P<0 01).Sperm deformation and mortality incrased significantly than that of the control group.Sperm vitality decreased significantly.All the differences were significant(P<0 01).However,results of Ames test showed negative.Conclusions High dose AP could induce certain effect on leucocyte,and AP might have certain mutagenicity.