外源钙对盐胁迫下黑果枸杞种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的影响

目的： 通过对黑果枸杞种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响，寻找提高黑果枸杞种子及幼苗在盐胁迫下抗性能力的途径。方法： 测定盐胁迫下黑果枸杞种子在不同浓度的外源CaCl₂处理后，发芽率（G_r）、发芽势（G_v）、发芽指数（G_i）、活力指数（V_i）和相对盐害率的变化，并对黑果枸杞幼苗的含水量、叶绿素量、可溶性蛋白质量、相对电导率、丙二醛量（MDA）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性进行了测定。结果： 低浓度的NaCl处理，对黑果枸杞种子的萌发具有促进作用，高浓度的处理则有抑制作用。经不同浓度的CaCl₂处理后，萌发指标均有所升高。随着NaCl处理浓度的增加，幼苗含水量、叶绿素量逐渐减少，丙二醛（MDA）、相对电导率呈增加趋势，可溶性蛋白质量和POD活性均不同程度的表现为先上升后下降的趋势。在外源CaCl₂处理后，幼苗含水量、叶绿素量下降幅度变小，丙二醛（MDA）、相对电导率的上升幅度变小，POD活性的下降幅度变小。结论： CaCl₂能够有效地缓解盐胁迫对黑果枸杞种子及幼苗产生的伤害，提高种子及幼苗的抗盐能力。

Effect of exogenous Calcium on seed germination and seedling physiological characteristics of Lycium ruthenium

Objective: In order to get the method for improving the salt resistance of Lycium ruthenium seeds and seedlings under NaCl stress, the seed germination and physiological characteristics of L. ruthenium seedlings was studied. Method: Several physiological indexes of L. ruthenium seeds under NaCl stress, such as the germination rate (Gr), germination vigor (Gv), germination index(Gi),vigor index(Vi), and relative salt damage rate were measured. Other indexes of the seedlings like relative water contents (RWC), chlorophyll contents, soluble protein contents, electrolyte leakage, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), and peroxidase (POD) were also measured. Result: NaCl at lower concentration could promote the seed germination but inhibit the seed germination at higher concentration. After the treatment by CaCl₂ at the different concentrations, all germination indexes were increased. With the increase of salt concentration, the relative water contents and the contents of chlorophyll were decreased, the content of MDA and electrolyte leakage were increased. The change trend of POD activity showed the first increase and then decrease with the increase of salt concentration, which was similar to that of the soluble protein. After the treatment by CaCl₂, relative water contents, chlorophyll and POD activities were decreased more slowly, and also electrolyte leakage and MDA contents increased slowly. Conclusion: The CaCl₂ could significantly alleviate the damages to the seeds and seedlings of L. ruthenium under NaCl stress, and promote the salt resistance to the seeds and seedlings of L. ruthenium.