护理专业大学生社会适应力研究

目的 了解护理专业本科和专科学生社会适应力发展的趋向和水平,为护理专业学生职业生涯规划提供借鉴和指导.方法 随机抽取天津市和广州市护理专业本科和专科学生1007名,应用自编护理专业大学生社会适应力调查表进行问卷调查.结果 来自城市家庭的本科一年级学生的社会适应力[(27.19±5.68)分],显著高于来自农村家庭的本科一年级学生[(25.19±4.82)分,t=3.08,P<0.01],来自城市家庭的专科三年级和本科五年级学生的社会适应力显著低于来自农村家庭的相应年级的学生(t=11.24,P<0.01;t=2.14,P<0.05).社会适应力总分:来自南方家庭的学生[(27.47±5.57)分]显著高于来自北方家庭的学生[(26.73±5.23)分,t=2.16,P<0.05);独生子女学生显著低于非独生子女学生(t=2.20,P<0.05);中等学历以上家庭学生显著高于初中学历以下组家庭的大学生.分量表比较:南方家庭学生均值仅在人际交往能力方面显著高于北方家庭学生(t=0.39,P>0.05).独生子女学生的生活自理、挫折承受两个分量表均值显著低于非独生子女学生(t=7.28,P<0.05;t=1.53,P>0.05),但在应激反应能力均值显著高于非独生子女学生(t=3.7959,P>0.05).结论 不同家庭背景和父母的受教育程度不同均对护理专业大学生社会适应能力产生影响.

A study on the social adaptability of nursing speciality college students

Objective To learn about the average development tendency and level of the social adaptability of undergraduate students and students of diploma degree of nursing speciality,and to provide reference and guidance to numing speciality students in their career planning.Methods A survey was made with the Social Adaptability of Nursing Speciality College Students Questionnaire designed by the authors on 1007 randomly selected nursing speciality students of undergraduate and diploma level in Tianjin and Guangzhou.Results As for first-year undergraduate students,the social adaptability of those from cities is significantly higher than that of those from countryside families(t=3.08,P＜0.01);while for the third-year diploma degree and the fifth-year undergraduate urban students,their social adaptability is significantly lower than that of students from countryside who are in the same grades(t=11.24,P＜0.01;t=2.14,P＜0.05).As to the total score on social adaptability,the mean-value of students from southern parts of China is higher than that of students from northern parts(t=2.16,P＜0.05);students from one-child families are significantly lower than students from more-than-one-child families(t=2.20.P＜0.05);students from families of high and medium level educational backgrounds is significantly higher than that of students from junior middle school and even lower level educational backgrounds families.Subscale comparison:the mean-value of students from southern parts of China is only higher than that of students from northern parts on relationship ability(t=0.39,P＞0.05).As for the Life Self-care subscale and the Frustration Endurance Subscale,the mean-values of those only-child students are significantly lower than students from more-than-one-child families(t=7.28,P＜0.05;t=1.53,P＞0.05),however,the mean-value of the former group students in term of stress reaction capability is significantly higher than students of the latter group(t=3.79,P＞0.05).Conclusion Different family backgrounds and different education level of the parents can both affect the social adaptability of nursing speciality college students.