四川阿坝州藏羌汉族儿童青少年体成分分析

目的 了解四川藏、羌、汉族儿童青少年体成分状况，分析其在生长发育过程中的变化特点。方法 利用生物电流阻抗法（BIA）测定四川省阿坝藏羌自治州7～18岁藏、汉、羌族1822名男女儿童青少年的体成分。结果 男、女生瘦体重均随着年龄的增长而增加，且有显著的相关性（r=0.75）。男生的瘦体重年增加值随年龄增长呈增加趋势，女生则随年龄的增长而减少。男生体脂百分比在13．1％～22．3％之间，随着年龄的增长而减少；女生的体脂百分比在23.8％～29．8％之间，随年龄的增加而增加。羌族儿童少年的体脂百分比有高于汉族、藏族的趋势，但男生只在12，15岁时显著高于汉族，女生在12岁时显著高于藏族。结论 藏、羌、汉族儿童青少年体成分随着青春发育表现出性别和民族差异，提示性别、民族可能也是造成儿童青少年体成分差异的影响因素。

Body Composition Among Children and Adolescents of Tibetan, Qiang and Han Nationalities in A-ba County in Sichuan

Objective To describe the adolescents' body composition of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationalities, and to analyze its change with puberty development. Methods A total of 1 822 adolescents of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationality were chosen, their body composition was determined by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results Lean body mass (LBM) was increasing with ages, and it was significantly positively correlated with age (r=0.75). The annual growth of LBM increased in boys and decreases in girls. Percentage of body fat (PBF) decreased with ages among boys(ranged 13.1%-22.3%) and increased with ages among girls(ranged 23.8%-29.8%).The PBF of Qiang adolescents tended to be higher than that of Han and Tibetan adolescents, with significant difference between Qiang and Han boys aged 12 and 15 years, or between Qiang and Tibetan girls aged 12 years. Conclusion There is significance of body composition in different genders and nationalities among adolescents of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationalities. It suggests that gender and nationality may be the influencing factors to adolescents' body composition.