新《婚姻登记条例》实施前后孕早期妇女叶酸知识和增补率的变化

目的:了解新《婚姻登记条例》实施前后孕早期妇女叶酸知信行变化状况。方法:采用横断面调查与对比研究,对无锡市新《婚姻登记条例》实施前登记结婚的75例和实施后52例孕早期妇女的叶酸知识的了解情况、服用叶酸增补剂的态度及叶酸增补剂服用情况进行了问卷调查。结果:实施后组孕早期妇女对于叶酸增补剂最佳服用时期的知晓率为42.31%,低于实施前的66.67%(P<0.01);实施后组妇女叶酸增补剂服用率为44.23%,低于实施前的62.67%(P<0.05);实施后组从卫生保健机构获得叶酸知识的构成比例为28.95%,低于实施前的82.76%(P<0.01);实施后组孕早期妇女听说过叶酸的比例(73.08%)、知道叶酸预防神经管畸形作用的比例(55.77%)和有必要服用叶酸增补剂的比例(65.38%),均低于实施前组妇女(分别为77.33%、66.67%和73.33%),但差别无统计学意义。结论:新《婚姻登记条例》实施后,无锡市孕早期妇女叶酸相关知识、叶酸增补剂服用率呈现下降趋势。应积极探索新的知识传播途径,增加育龄妇女的叶酸知识,提高叶酸增补剂服用率。

Knowledge and use of folic acid supplements among women in their first trimester of pregnancy registered for marriage before and after the enforcement of the new Marriage Registration Ordinance in 2003

Objective:To explore possible changes in knowledge,attitude and use of folic acid supplements among women in the first trimester of pregnancy registered before and after the enforcement of the new Marriage Registration Ordinance since October 1,2003,in which premarital health assessment has been changed from mandatory to voluntary.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed among women in the first trimester of pregnancy who were married before and after the enforcement of the new Marriage Registration Ordinance and 127 subjects were interviewed regarding their knowledge about,attitude towards and use of folic acid.Results:42.3% of women registered after the enforcement of the new Ordinance reported that women should take folic acid before early pregnancy,compared with 66.7% of women registered before the enforcement.Only 44.2% of women registered after the enforcement reported taking a daily folic acid supplement during their current pregnancies and the figure were 62.7% for women registered before the enforcement.28.9% of women registered after the enforcement obtained information on folic acid from medical and health institutions,significantly lower than women registered before the enforcement(82.8%).Fewer women registered after the enforcement reported having ever heard of folic acid(73.1%),having the knowledge that folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects(55.8%),and having the idea that women should take folic acid before or during early pregnancy(65.4%),compared with 77.3%,66.7% and 73.3% respectively,for women registered before the enforcement though the differences in two group were statistically insignificant.Conclusion:The enforcement of the new Ordinance had a negative impact on the knowledge,attitude,and use of folic acid among women in their first trimester of pregnancy.Additional efforts should be made and new approaches should be sought to compensate for the genitive impact.