婴儿肺炎呼吸系统顺应性及阻力的被动流速容量测定

目的：探讨婴儿肺炎时呼吸系统顺应性(CRS)及阻力(RRS)的变化。方法：79例婴儿肺炎分为1～6月和7～12月2个年龄组。其中重症肺炎27例(1～6个月13例，7～12个月14例)，普通肺炎52例(1～6个月28例，7～12个月24例)及37例正常婴儿(1～6个月18例，7～12个月19例)。采用美国森迪公司2600型肺功能仪，利用被动流速容量技术(PFV)进行CRS及RRS的测定。结果：1～6个月正常对照组、普通肺炎组和重症肺炎组的CRS分别为(0.017±0.005)，(0.004±0.001)，(0.003±0.0008) L/kPa，RRS分别为(3.61±0.76)，(9.09±2.32)，(10.14±1.01) kPa·s/L。7～12个月正常对照组、普通肺炎组和重症肺炎组的CRS分别为(0.020±0.005)，(0.011±0.002)，(0.006±0.002) L/kPa，RRS分别为(1.11±0.23)，(1.61±0.37)，(2.05±0.55) kPa·s/L。3组间CRS及RRS差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论：婴儿肺炎时CRS降低，RRS增高，且病情愈严重改变愈明显。

Determination of Compliance and Resistance of the Respiratory System Using the Passive Expiratory Flow Volume Technique in Infants with Pneumonia

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of compliance (CRS) and resistance of the respiratory system (RRS) in infants with pneumonia. METHODS: Seventy nine infants with pneumonia were assigned into two age groups: under 6 months group and over 6 months group. Each group of infants were further assigned into two case groups: severe pneumonia group (n=27) and mild pneumonia group (n=52). Thirty two healthy infants served as controls. CRS and RRS were measured using the passive expiratory flow volume technique (PFV). RESULTS: In the under 6 months group, CRS of the severe pneumonia group, mild pneumonia group and the controls were ( 0.003 ± 0.0008 ), ( 0.004 ± 0.001 ) and ( 0.017 ± 0.005 ) L/kPa, respectively. RRS of the severe pneumonia group, mild pneumonia group and the controls were ( 10.14 ± 1.01 ), ( 9.09 ± 2.32 ) and ( 3.61 ± 0.76 ) kPa·s/L, respectively. There were significant differences in CRS and RRS among the three groups (P< 0.05 ). In the over 6 months group, CRS of the severe pneumonia group, mild pneumonia group and the controls were ( 0.006 ± 0.002 ), ( 0.011 ± 0.002 ) and ( 0.020 ± 0.005 ) L/kPa, respectively. RRS of the severe pneumonia group, mild pneumonia group and the controls were ( 2.05 ± 0.55 ), ( 1.61 ± 0.37 ) and ( 1.11 ± 0.23 ) kPa·s/L, respectively. There were significant differences in CRS and RRS among the three groups (P< 0.05 ). CONCLUSIONS: CRS decreased and RRS increased in infants with pneumonia. Moreover, the more serious the pneumonia, the more significant the changes.