钛镍记忆合金牵张器复合脱细胞真皮基质增高犬牙槽嵴的组织学研究

目的通过对牵张成骨增高牙槽嵴新生骨的组织学观察，研究钛镍记忆合金牵张器复合脱细胞真皮基质对成骨质量的影响。方法健康成年雄性杂种犬12只，建立牙槽嵴萎缩模型后1个月，一侧下颌后牙区行牵张手术并放入2个“S”形牵张器及异种脱细胞真皮基质（ADM），另一侧为对照侧，仅行牵张术，不放置ADM。术后1个月、3个月各处死6只实验犬。将牵张区骨组织进行脱钙骨组织学观察，参照Parfit方法进行定量组织学测量。动物处死后取双侧下颌第3前磨牙区骨块，直接做骨切片，荧光显微镜下观察。结果1个月时，实验侧的平均骨小梁体积分数、平均骨小梁厚度、平均骨小梁数目均高于对照侧，平均骨小梁分隔距离低于对照侧；3个月时，实验侧平均骨小梁体积分数、平均骨小梁数目高于对照侧，平均骨小梁分隔距离低于对照侧。结论ADM阻力膜能改善牵张过程中力学的平衡，阻止周围软组织长入，改善成骨环境，提高成骨质量。

Histological study of augmentation of alveolar ridge by TiNi-SMA distractor and ADM

Objective To investigate the influence of acellular dermal matrix(ADM)on bone formation and bone quality in alveolar ridge augmentation by TiNi-SMA distractor.Methods Twelve adult healthy male dogs were selected.After the animal model of alveolar atrophy was set up,on one side of mandible,two S-shaped distractors were placed.A piece of ADM was placed on the distraction gap and fixed by the feet of distractors.The other side only placed with distractors and without ADM served as control side.One month and 3 months after distraction,the augmentated alveolar ridge on both sides were harvested.The specimens were stained with HE and Masson methods,then analysed by Parfit methods.Results One month after distraction,Bv,Tb.Th,Tb.N of the control side were lower than those of the experimental side,but Tb.Sp were higher.Three months after distraction,Bv,Tb.N of the experimental side were higher than those of the control side,but Tb.Sp was lower.Conclusion ADM could balance distraction force and prevent connective tissue from growing into the distraction gap,improving the environment of bone formation.