芜湖市育龄期妇女心理健康状况调查分析

目的：了解芜湖市育龄期妇女的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法共抽取2个县区6个镇，共1223个样本，利用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对育龄妇女的心理健康状况进行现况调查。结果1223名育龄妇女，共检出174人（14．2％）有焦虑症状，焦虑程度为轻度（13．2％）、中度（0．7％）和重度（0．3％）；309人（25．3％）有抑郁症状，分别为轻度（24．9％）、中度（0．2％）和重度（0．1％）。已婚或丧偶的育龄妇女焦虑症状检出率高于未婚妇女，χ2＝24．24，P＜0．01；已婚或丧偶的育龄妇女抑郁症状检出率高于未婚妇女，χ2＝9．65，P＜0．01。自己和丈夫文化程度均为大专及以上者、自评经济状况好或较好者、家庭常住人口数在5人及以上的调查对象抑郁症状检出率较高，差异均有统计学意义（χ2值分别为13．37、15．00、7．86、15．00，均P＜0．05）。结论芜湖市育龄妇女存在一定程度的心理健康问题，应引起有关部门的重视，采取针对性措施改善该人群的心理健康水平。

Investigation of mental health status of women in child-bearing period in Wuhu City

Objective To investigate the mental health status and it ’ s influencing factors of women in child-bearing period in Wuhu City . Methods Totally 1 223 samples were chosen by stratified cluster-based sampling method from 2 counties and 6 towns.Self-evaluated anxiety and depression scales were used to evaluate the mental health status of women in child -bearing period .Results Among 1 223 cases a total of 174 cases (14.2%) were found with anxiety symptoms , including mild cases (13.2%), moderate cases (0.7%) and severe cases (0.3%).There were 309 cases (25.3%) with depression symptoms, including 24.9% with mild degree, 0.2% with moderate degree and 0.1%with severe degree.Women who were married or widowed had higher detection rate of anxiety symptoms than unmarried women (χ2 =24.24, P<0.01) and had higher detection rate of depression symptoms (χ2 =9.65,P<0.01).The detection rate was higher in surveyed subjects with higher cultural level , higher cultural level of husband , self-reported good or rather good economic status , and 5 or more family members, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 value was 13.37, 15.00, 7.86 and 15.00, respectively, all P<0.05).Conclusion Women in child-bearing period in Wuhu City have certain degree of mental health problems , which should arouse the attention of authorities to take measures to improve the mental health of child -bearing women .