1602株血培养病原菌种类及耐药性分析

目的了解血培养病原菌种类及耐药性,为合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法细菌鉴定和药敏试验主要利用Phoenix100分析仪。念珠菌利用显色平板分离和鉴定,K-B法药敏试验。数据分析用WHONET5.6软件。结果血培养病原菌中最常见的为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β内酰胺酶比例分别为57.6%和36.0%。革兰阴性杆菌中耐药率较低的为亚胺培南、美洛培南、阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦。金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药率分别为31.4%和85.7%。革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁和利奈唑胺的敏感率均为100.0%。念珠菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率均低于5.0%。结论本院血液中分离病原菌耐药率较高,应加强抗菌药物的合理使用以降低耐药率。

Distribution and antibiotic resistance analysis of 1602 pathogen isolated from blood

Objective To investigate distribution and drug resistance spectrum of bacteria and fungi isolates from blood for using antibiotic reasonably. Methods Most bacteria isolates were identified with BD Phoenixl00. Candida isolates were identified by color display plate and by K-B method. WHONET5.6 was applied for analysis. Results The common isolates were E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, S. aureu, and A. baumannii. The incidences of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase（ESBLs） were 57.6% and 36.0%respectively. In gram negative bacillus, lower resistant rates of antibiotics were Imipenem, Meropenem, Ami- kacin,Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, and Piperacillin/Tazobactam. The meticillin resistant rates of S. aureu and Coagulase- negative Staphylococcus were 31.4 % and 85.7 % respectively. In gram positive coccus, susceptible rates of Vancomy- cin,Teicoplanin and Linezolid were 100.0 %. In Candida isolates, resistant rates of common drug were below 5.0%. Conclusion Resistant rates of pathogen isolated from blood in our hospital were high, it might be important to en- force the rational use of antimicrobial agents to reduce resistant rates of bacteria.