Glutamate transporters in brain ischemia: to modulate or not? |
| |
作者姓名: | Weronika KRZY?ANOWSKA Bartosz POMIERNY Magorzata FILIP Joanna PERA |
| |
作者单位: | [1]Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland [2]Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland |
| |
基金项目: | The work of the team is supported by National Science Centre grant No 2011/01/B/NZ4/00783 and by Ministry of Science and Higher Education: K/DSC/000793 and K/DSC/000779, Poland. |
| |
摘 要: | In this review, we briefly describe glutamate (Glu) metabolism and its specific transports and receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Thereafter, we focus on excitatory amino acid transporters, cystine/glutamate antiporters (system xc-) and vesicular glutamate transporters, specifically addressing their location and roles in CNS and the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Glu transporters. We provide evidence from in vitro or in vivo studies concerning alterations in Glu transporter expression in response to hypoxia or ischemia, including limited human data that supports the role of Glu transporters in stroke patients. Moreover, the potential to induce brain tolerance to ischemia through modulation of the expression and/or activities of Glu transporters is also discussed. Finally we present strategies involving the application of ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological agents, eg β-lactam antibiotics, amitriptyline, riluzole and N-acetylcysteine, which result in the significant protection of nervous tissues against ischemia.
|
关 键 词: | 谷氨酸转运体 转运蛋白 脑缺血 调制 N-乙酰半胱氨酸 中枢神经系统 兴奋性氨基酸 缺血预处理 |
收稿时间: | 2013-07-29 |
本文献已被 维普 等数据库收录! |
|