中专女生生活事件、应对方式与抑郁、焦虑情绪的关系

目的了解中专女生生活事件发生率、应激强度以及应对方式与抑郁、焦虑症状的关系和相互作用，为加强中专学生心理卫生教育提供科学依据。方法对某市2所中专学校1602名在校女生进行无记名问卷调查。焦虑、抑郁症状的评定采用Zung编制的焦虑自评量表（SAS）和流调中心用抑郁自评量表（CES—D），生活事件评定采用青少年自评生活事件量表（ASLES），应对方式采用特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）进行评定。结果中专女生抑郁症状检出率为32．46％，焦虑症状检出率为13．92％。较常发生的生活事件为人际关系、学习压力和健康适应方面的问题，有明显抑郁、焦虑症状女生的生活事件应激强度明显高于无明显症状者，其积极应对较少而消极应对的倾向大。应激量高、消极应对水平高的女生抑郁与焦虑症状共存的检出率高。高年级、积极应对是抑郁症状的保护因素，消极应对是抑郁、焦虑症状的危险因素。结论中专女生抑郁、焦虑发生情况不容乐观，负性生活事件发生频度较大，生活事件、应对方式和负性情绪之间存在统计学关联。

The Relationships of Life Events, Coping Styles, Depression and Anxiety Among Female Students in Technical Secondary Schools

Objective To explore the prevalence,stress intensity of life events and find out the interactions of coping styles and depression or anxiety,so as to provide scientific evidence for strengthening the mental health education of technical secondary school students.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 602 female students in 2 technical secondary schools.Anxiety and depression were assessed with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D).Life events were assessed with Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist(ASLES) and coping patterns were assessed with Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ).Results The prevalence of depression was 32.46% and anxiety was 13.92%.Problems of interpersonal relationship,studying pressure and health fitness were the common reported life events.Stress intensity was stronger in students with obvious depression or anxiety, and they showed more negative coping and less positive coping.The prevalence of depression and anxiety was high in students with high stress and more negative coping patterns.Higher grade and positive coping were protective factors of depression,and negative coping was the risk factor of depression and anxiety.Conclusion The status of depression and anxiety is serious among female students in technical secondary school and frequencies of negative life events are high.Statistic associations are found among life events,coping patterns and negative emotion.