济南市腹泻患者沙门氏菌PFGE分子分型及耐药特征研究

目的 对2017-2020年济南市哨点医院腹泻患者中分离到的沙门氏菌进行病原学分析,了解济南市腹泻患者沙门氏菌的血清型分布特征、分子分型特征及耐药情况。方法 分别利用血清检测试剂盒和脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(PFGE)对来自济南市各医院腹泻门诊病人的的90株沙门氏菌进行血清分型和分子分型分析,酶切电泳图谱导入BioNumerics软件进行聚类分析;利用微量肉汤稀释法对40株沙门氏菌进行耐药性检测。结果 90株沙门氏菌可分为27个血清型,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌为优势血清型,分别占总数的47.78%和17.78%。PFGE电泳后产生的带型具有多态性,以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的带型最为集中;药敏结果显示,沙门氏菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,为72.50%,多重耐药率达67.50%。结论 济南地区沙门氏菌具有血清型多样化和遗传多样性特征,对抗生素的高耐药和多重耐药现象严重,应加强济南地区耐药检测。

PFGE molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance testing of Salmonella from patients with diarrhea in Jinan,China

This study aimed to investigate the serotype distribution, molecular types and drug resistance of Salmonella by analyzing the etiology of Salmonella isolated from patients with diarrhea in the active surveillance sentinel hospital in Jinan from 2017 to 2020. A total of 90 strains of Salmonella isolated from patients with diarrhea from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the similarities among strains was analyzed with BioNumerics software. A total of 40 strains of Salmonella randomly selected from the 90 strains were analyzed with drug susceptibility tests with the micro-broth dilution method. The results showed that 27 serotypes among the isolated Salmonella. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis were dominant, accounting for 47.78% and 17.78% of the total, respectively. PFGE analysis showed that the bands for Salmonella with the same serotype were similar, e.g., Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis, whereas those of different serotypes were polymorphic. The tested strains had a maximal rate of resistance to ampicillin of 72.50% and a multi-drug resistance rate of 67.50%. In conclusion, Salmonella in the Jinan Area shows serotype and genetic diversity, high drug resistance and severe multi-drug resistance. Therefore, drug resistance surveillance in patients and the environment should be intensified.