偏颌与颜面不对称畸形的诊断、分类及临床意义

依据临床特征、病理机制及颌骨结构,偏颌与颜面不对称畸形可分为单纯颌位性、关节源性与颌骨发育性3大类.单纯颌位性偏颌包括咬合阻碍、咬合代偿及咬合习惯亚型,关节源性偏颌包括髁突不对称吸收与不对称增生亚型,颌骨发育性偏颌包括上颌源与下颌源亚型.正畸治疗偏颌与颜面不对称畸形的重要原则是最大限度地纠正形成下颌偏斜的功能性颌位因素...

Classification for mandibular deviation and facial asymmetry and its clinical significance

Judged from the clinical manifestations, etiological mechanisms and jaw morphological structures, malocclusions with mandibular deviation and facial asymmetry are classified into three main categories, i.e., those with mandibular positioning factors, those with mandibular condyle defects, and those with jaw congenital deformities. In the first category, three subtypes, including mandibular rotation caused by dentitional irregularities, by dental compensation and by habitual posturing, are further defined. In the second category, mandibular deviation caused by condylar asymmetrical resorption or hyperplasia are defined as the two subtypes. The third category is further divided into two subtypes, i.e., jaw and facial asymmetry resulting from maxillary or mandibular structural deformities. The prime goal of orthodontic therapy is to displace and restore the deviated mandible to its right position, followed by correction of occlusal intercuspation. As an important procedure of the whole treatment protocol, It is critical to detect and localize the correct mandibular position by manipulation and then register it by wax pattern and articulator transferring. For the cases with mandibular functional elements and condylar asymmetrical length, the treatment modalities include orthopedic repositioning of the mandible by using occlusal and bite plane, SGTB and SGHB therapies; for cases with growth and developmental anomalies, orthognathic intervention should be an optimal solution.